Vijayanagara Empire

Vijayanagara empire (1336–1646 CE) was an Indian Hindu empire. From 1336 and afterwards, it was in the Deccan, in the peninsula and in southern India. It was founded by Harihara (Hakka) and his brother Bukka Raya. The empire is named after its capital city Vijayanagara, now Hampi in modern Karnataka, India. It began in 1336 and ended in 1660, though in its last century it began losing its power. Stories of the empire's creation and history are not certain, though tales of the empire's wealth and power were described by European travellers such as the Portuguese travelers Domingo Paes and Nuniz, and the Venetian traveler Niccolò Da Conti.

Vijayanagara Empire
1336–1646
Map of the Vijayanagara Empire at its height under the Sangama dynasty (some tributaries are not shown).[2]
Capital	Vijayanagara (1336–1565) Penukonda (1565–1592) Chandragiri (1592–1604) Vellore (1604–1646)[3]
Common languages	Kannada Telugu Sanskrit[4]
Religion	Hinduism
Government	Monarchy
Monarch
• 1336–1356	Harihara I
• 1642–1646	Sriranga III
History
• Established	1336
• Earliest records	1343
• Disestablished	1646
Currency	Varaha
Preceded by Succeeded by Hoysala Empire Kakatiya dynasty Yadava dynasty Kampili kingdom Madurai Sultanate Pandya dynasty Musunuri Nayakas Reddi Kingdom Delhi Sultanate Kingdom of Mysore Nayakas of Keladi Thanjavur Nayak kingdom Madurai Nayak dynasty Nayakas of Chitradurga Adil Shahi dynasty Qutb Shahi dynasty Nayaks of Gingee
Today part of	India

Dynasties and kings

This list is based on the book by Robert Sewell (A Forgotten Empire).

Sangama Dynasty

• Harihara I (Deva Raya) 1336-1343/56(some accounts claim that there was brief period of other ruler probably a 3rd brother)
• Bukka I 1343/56-1379
• Harihara II 1379-1399
• Bukka II 1399-1406
• Deva Raya I 1406-1412
• Vira Vijaya 1412-1419
• Deva Raya II 1419-1444
• (unknown) 1444-1449
• Mallikarjuna 1452-1465 (Dates uncertain)
• Rajasekhara 1468-1469 (Dates uncertain)
• Virupaksha I 1470-1471 (Dates uncertain)
• Praudha Deva Raya 1476-? (Dates uncertain)
• Rajasekhara 1479-1480 (Dates uncertain)
• Virupaksha II 1483-1484 (Dates uncertain)
• Rajasekhara 1486-1487 (Dates uncertain)

Saluva Dynasty

• Narasimha 1490-?
• Narasa (Vira Narasimha) ?-1509
• Krishna Deva 1509-1529
• Achyuta 1529-1542
• Sadasiva (puppet ruler in the hands of Ram Raya) 1542-1567

Tuluva dynasty

• Rama (ruled in practice) 1542-1565
• Tirumala (ruled in practice) 1565-1567
• Tirumala (crowned ruler) 1567-1575
• Ranga II 1575-1586
• Venkata I 1586-1614

Aravidu (dates are not known), includes these rulers. There is certainly more than one ruler under each name.

• Ranga
• Venkata
• Rama

References

1. Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). A Historical atlas of South Asia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 147, map XIV.l. ISBN 0226742210.
2. Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). A Historical atlas of South Asia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 147, map XIV.l. ISBN 0226742210.
3. Howes, Jennifer (1998). The Courts of Pre-colonial South India: Material Culture and Kingship. Psychology Press. p. 43. ISBN 978-07-0071-585-5.
4. Bridges, Elizabeth J. (2016). "Vijayanagara Empire". In Dalziel, N.; MacKenzie, J. M. (eds.). The Encyclopedia of Empire. pp. 1–5. doi:10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe424. ISBN 978-1118455074.

Other websites

• History of Karnataka - Mr. Arthikaje Archived 2006-11-04 at the Wayback Machine
• Indian Inscriptions - Archeological Survery Of India
• A Forgotten Empire: Vijayanagar: A Contribution to the History of India
• http://freeindia.org/biographies/greatlkings/hakkabukka/index.htm(Biography of Hakka and Bukka.) Archived 2008-12-31 at the Wayback Machine
• Vijayanagar Empire, Dr. Jyotsna Kamat
• Hampi - History and Tourism