Ostracoderm

The ostracoderms are a class of extinct fish. They were bony-armoured jawless fish, the Osteostraci ("bony shields"). They lived in what is now North America, Europe and Russia from the Middle Silurian to Upper Devonian. They were the first fish to use gills just for respiration.

Osteostraci Silurian to Devonian
Cephalaspis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Subphylum:	Vertebrata
Class:	Osteostraci Lankester, 1868

Headshield of Laxaspis

Fossil Cephalaspis

Ostracoderms were the first fossil fish to be discovered. They were found in the 1830s in the Old Red Sandstone of Scotland. The genus Cephalaspis is quite a common fossil in these rocks.^[1]

The term "Ostracoderm" is polyphyletic, because it refers to groups which should not be lumped together.^[2]