Islamic calligraphy

Islamic calligraphy, also known as Arabic calligraphy, is the art of artistic handwriting, and by extension, of bookmaking.^[1] It is both an art, and a practical way of writing.

Eighteenth century mirror writing in Ottoman calligraphy. The phrase means 'Ali is the vicegerent of God' in both directions.

Arabic calligraphy may be found on tiles and other ornaments. The text usually comes from the Koran (Qur'an).

Styles

The different styles of Arabic writing mostly derive from early versions of the Koran. There are geometric styles such as Kufic, and cursive (flowing) styles like Naskh, Thuluth, and Muhaqqaq.

Gallery

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  Kufic script in a Qur'an from the 9th-10th centuries
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  Naskh script in an Egyptian Qur'an from the 14th-15th centuries
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  Page of a 12th century Qur'an written in the Andalusi script
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  Allah In Thuluth Script Allah's (Arabic) proportion rules.^{[ 1 ]}
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  Inscriptions in calligraphy, form regular bands throughout the Qutb Minar, India, built 1192 CE
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  Bismillah in calligraphy
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  Bismillah in calligraphy
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  The instruments and work of a student calligrapher.