Great spotted woodpecker

The great spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos major) is a medium-sized woodpecker with black and white plumage and a red patch on the lower belly. Males and young birds also have red markings on the neck or head.^[2]

Great spotted woodpecker
Adult male Dendrocopos major pinetorum Drumming recorded in Devon, England
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Piciformes
Family:	Picidae
Genus:	Dendrocopos
Species:	D. major
Binomial name
Dendrocopos major (Linnaeus, 1758)
Synonyms
Picus major Linnaeus, 1758

This species is found across Eurasia and parts of North Africa. It is usually resident, but in the North, some migrate if the conifer cone crop fails.

Some individuals have recolonized Ireland, and some have reached North America. Great-spotted woodpeckers chisel into trees to find food, excavate nest holes, and drum for contact and territorial advertisement. They have anatomical adaptations to manage the physical stresses from the hammering.

The bird occurs in all types of woodlands and eats a wide range of food. It gets seeds out of pine cones, insect larvae from inside trees, and chicks of other birds from their nests. It breeds in holes excavated in living or dead trees, unlined apart from wood chips. When the young fledge they are fed by the adults for about ten days.

A juvenile male is foraging on a pine tree in Ystad.