First Syrian Republic

"Mandatory Syria" redirects here. For the earlier Syrian state under French mandate, see State of Syria (1925–1930).

The First Syrian Republic,^[2][a] officially the Syrian Republic,^[b] was formed in 1930 as a component of the French Mandate of Syria and Lebanon, succeeding the State of Syria.

Syrian Republic الجمهورية السورية (Arabic) al-Jumhūrīyah as-Sūrīyah République syrienne (French)
1930–1950
Flag Coat of arms (1945–1950)
Anthem: حُمَاةَ الدِّيَار "Ḥumāt ad-Diyār" ("Guardians of the Homeland")[1]
Territory of the Syrian Republic as proposed in the unratified Franco-Syrian Treaty of 1936. (Lebanon was not part of the plan). In 1938, Alexandretta was also excluded.
Status	Component of the Mandate of Syria and the Lebanon (1930–1946)
Capital	Damascus
Common languages	Arabic, French, Syriac, Armenian, Kurdish, Turkish
Religion	Islam (all branches incl. Alawite), Christianity, Judaism, Druzism, Yazidism
Government	French Mandate (1930–1946) Parliamentary republic (1946–1950)
High Commissioner
• 1930–1933 (first)	Henri Ponsot
• 1944–1946 (last)	Étienne Paul Beynet
President
• 1932–1936 (first)	Muhammad Ali al-Abid
• 1945–1949 (last)	Shukri al-Quwatli
Prime Minister
• 1932–1934 (first)	Haqqi al-Azm
• 1950 (last)	Nazim al-Kudsi
History
• Constitution	14 May 1930
• Treaty of Independence	9 September 1936
• Hatay State	7 September 1938
• Syrian sovereignty / UN admission	24 October 1945
• Withdrawal of French troops	17 April 1946
• New constitution	5 September 1950
Area
• Total	192,424 km2 (74,295 sq mi)
Currency	Syrian pound
Preceded by Succeeded by 1930: State of Syria 1936: Alawite State Jabal Druze State 1938: Hatay State 1950: Second Syrian Republic
Today part of	Syria Turkey Israel (disputed)