Decagon

ten-sided shape From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Decagon

A decagon is a shape with 10 sides and 10 corners.

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A decagon

Regular decagon

All sides of a regular decagon are the same length. Each corner is 144°. All corners added together equal 1440°.

Area

The amount of space a regular decagon takes up is

a is the length of one of its sides.

An alternative formula is where d is the distance between parallel sides, or the height when the decagon stands on one side as base.
By simple trigonometry .

Sides

The side of a regular decagon inscribed in a unit circle is , where ϕ is the golden ratio, .

Dissection of regular decagon

Coxeter states that every parallel-sided 2m-gon can be divided into m(m-1)/2 rhombs. For the regular decagon, m=5, and it can be divided into 10 rhombs, with examples shown below. This decomposition can be seen as 10 of 80 faces in a Petrie polygon projection plane of the 5-cube. A dissection is based on 10 of 30 faces of the rhombic triacontahedron.[1] The list A006245 defines the number of solutions as 62, with 2 orientations for the first symmetric form, and 10 orientations for the other 6.

Regular decagon dissected into 10 rhombi
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5-cube
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Skew decagon

More information {5}#{ }, {5/2}#{ } ...
3 regular skew zig-zag decagons
{5}#{ } {5/2}#{ } {5/3}#{ }
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A regular skew decagon is seen as zig-zagging edges of a pentagonal antiprism, a pentagrammic antiprism, and a pentagrammic crossed-antiprism.
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A skew decagon is a skew polygon with 10 vertices and edges but not existing on the same plane. The interior of such an decagon is not generally defined. A skew zig-zag decagon has vertices alternating between two parallel planes.

A regular skew decagon is vertex-transitive with equal edge lengths. In 3-dimensions it will be a zig-zag skew decagon and can be seen in the vertices and side edges of a pentagonal antiprism, pentagrammic antiprism, and pentagrammic crossed-antiprism with the same D5d, [2+,10] symmetry, order 20.

These can also be seen in these 4 convex polyhedra with icosahedral symmetry. The polygons on the perimeter of these projections are regular skew decagons.

Orthogonal projections of polyhedra on 5-fold axes
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Dodecahedron
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Icosahedron
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Icosidodecahedron
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Rhombic triacontahedron
  • Decagonal number and centered decagonal number, figurate numbers modeled on the decagon
  • Decagram, a star polygon with the same vertex positions as the regular decagon

References

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