1440 (MCDXL) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 1440th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 440th year of the 2nd millennium, the 40th year of the 15th century, and the 1st year of the 1440s decade. As of the start of 1440, the Gregorian calendar was 9 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was the dominant calendar of the time.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 14th century – 15th century – 16th century |
| Decades: | 1410s 1420s 1430s – 1440s – 1450s 1460s 1470s |
| Years: | 1437 1438 1439 – 1440 – 1441 1442 1443 |
| Gregorian calendar | 1440 MCDXL |
| Ab urbe condita | 2193 |
| Armenian calendar | 889 ԹՎ ՊՁԹ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6190 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1361–1362 |
| Bengali calendar | 847 |
| Berber calendar | 2390 |
| English Regnal year | 18 Hen. 6 – 19 Hen. 6 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1984 |
| Burmese calendar | 802 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6948–6949 |
| Chinese calendar | 己未年 (Earth Goat) 4136 or 4076 — to — 庚申年 (Metal Monkey) 4137 or 4077 |
| Coptic calendar | 1156–1157 |
| Discordian calendar | 2606 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1432–1433 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5200–5201 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1496–1497 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1361–1362 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4540–4541 |
| Holocene calendar | 11440 |
| Igbo calendar | 440–441 |
| Iranian calendar | 818–819 |
| Islamic calendar | 843–844 |
| Japanese calendar | Eikyō 12 (永享１２年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1355–1356 |
| Julian calendar | 1440 MCDXL |
| Korean calendar | 3773 |
| Minguo calendar | 472 before ROC 民前472年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −28 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1982–1983 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴土羊年 (female Earth-Goat) 1566 or 1185 or 413 — to — 阳金猴年 (male Iron-Monkey) 1567 or 1186 or 414 |
- February 21 – The Prussian Confederation is formed.
- September – Gilles de Rais, an early known serial killer, is arrested and taking into custody on orders from the Bishop of Nantes.
- January 22 – Ivan III of Russia (d. 1505)
- February 10 – Henry of York, elder brother of Edward IV of England and Richard III of England (died 1441)
- February 22 – King Ladislaus Posthumus of Bohemia and Hungary (died 1457)
- Pedrarias Dávila, Spanish colonial administrator (died 1531)
- Kabir, Indian mystic (died 1518)
- Jorge Manrique, Spanish poet (died 1479)
- September 30 – Reginald Grey, 3rd Baron Grey de Ruthyn (born c.1362)
- October 26 – Gilles de Rais, Marshal of France (born 1405)
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