1077

1077 (MLXXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar, the 1077th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 77th year of the 2nd millennium, the 77th year of the 11th century, and the 8th year of the 1070s decade. As of the start of 1077, the Gregorian calendar was 6 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was the dominant calendar of the time.

Eduard Schwoiser "Heinrich vor Canossa" (Henry IV at Canossa; 1862)

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	10th century – 11th century – 12th century
Decades:	1040s  1050s  1060s  – 1070s –  1080s  1090s  1100s
Years:	1074 1075 1076 – 1077 – 1078 1079 1080

1077 in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	1077 MLXXVII
Ab urbe condita	1830
Armenian calendar	526 ԹՎ ՇԻԶ
Assyrian calendar	5827
Balinese saka calendar	998–999
Bengali calendar	484
Berber calendar	2027
English Regnal year	11 Will. 1 – 12 Will. 1
Buddhist calendar	1621
Burmese calendar	439
Byzantine calendar	6585–6586
Chinese calendar	丙辰年 (Fire Dragon) 3773 or 3713     — to — 丁巳年 (Fire Snake) 3774 or 3714
Coptic calendar	793–794
Discordian calendar	2243
Ethiopian calendar	1069–1070
Hebrew calendar	4837–4838
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1133–1134
- Shaka Samvat	998–999
- Kali Yuga	4177–4178
Holocene calendar	11077
Igbo calendar	77–78
Iranian calendar	455–456
Islamic calendar	469–470
Japanese calendar	Jōhō 4 / Jōryaku 1 (承暦元年)
Javanese calendar	981–982
Julian calendar	1077 MLXXVII
Korean calendar	3410
Minguo calendar	835 before ROC 民前835年
Nanakshahi calendar	−391
Seleucid era	1388/1389 AG
Thai solar calendar	1619–1620
Tibetan calendar	阳火龙年 (male Fire-Dragon) 1203 or 822 or 50     — to — 阴火蛇年 (female Fire-Snake) 1204 or 823 or 51

Events

By area

Africa

• The Almoravids complete the conquest of the Ghana Empire, and reach Spain.

Asia

• The Seljuk Turks capture Nicaea and Jerusalem.
• Suleyman I of Rûm becomes the leader of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm in modern Turkey.
• Anush Tigin Gharchai becomes, as a Seljuk vassal, leader of the Khwarezmid Empire.

Europe

• January 26 – Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, visits Pope Gregory VII as a penitent, asking him remove sentence of excommunication.
• January 28 – Walk to Canossa: The excommunication of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor is lifted.
• April 3
  • The first Parliament of Friuli is created.
  • Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor granted the county of Friuli, with ducal status, to Sigaerd, Patriarch of Aquileia.
• Robert Curthose starts his first insurrection against his father, William the Conqueror, in Normandy.
• The kingdom of Duklja is founded.
• The first recorded Trial by combat is held in England.
• Vsevolod of Kiev becomes the prince of Kievan Rus'.
• Alfonso VI of Castile conquers Coria.^[1]
• Pope Gregory VII places the island of Corsica under the secular rule of the archbishop of Pisa.^[2]
• Hugh of Burgundy supports the king of Aragon in his conquest of the castle of Muñones from the emir of Zaragossa.^[3]

By topic

Arts

• The Bayeux Tapestry is made.

Religion

• The first English Cluniac Benedictine priory is established, at Lewes.
• Paul of Caen becomes Abbot of St Albans in England; the building of St Albans Abbey Church commences.
• Pope Christodolos of Alexandria ends his reign as Coptic Pope.
• Dionysius V Lazaros becomes Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch.

Births

• December 26 – Baldwin the Monk, Norman priest (died 1184)
• date unknown
  • King Alexander I of Scotland, Scottish royal (died 1124)
  • Joseph ibn Migash, rabbi (died 1141)
  • Lady Sybil Corbet, French mistress to King Henry I of England (died 1157)

Deaths

• April 25 – Geza I of Hungary
• Agnes de Poitou, wife of Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor and regent (b. 1020)
• King Anawrahta of Burma (b. 1044)
• Abolfazl Beyhaghi, Persian historian and writer (b. 995)
• Shao Yong, Chinese philosopher, cosmologist, poet and historian (b. 1011)
• Zhang Zai, Chinese Neo-Confucian moral philosopher and cosmologist (b. 1020)

References

1. Picard, Christophe (2000). Le Portugal musulman (VIIIe-XIIIe siècle). L'Occident d'al-Andalus sous domination islamique. Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose. p. 109. ISBN 2-7068-1398-9.
2. Colombani, Philippe (2010). Héros corses du Moyen Age. Ajaccio: Albiana. p. 173. ISBN 978-2-84698-338-9.
3. Canellas, Angel (1951). "Las Cruzadas de Aragon en el Siglo XI". Archived from the original on February 25, 2012. Retrieved January 27, 2013.