User:Mr. Ibrahem/Nipah virus infection
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A Nipah virus infection is a viral infection caused by the Nipah virus.[3] Symptoms from infection vary from none to fever, cough, headache, shortness of breath, and confusion.[2][3] This may worsen into a coma over a day or two.[2] Complications can include inflammation of the brain and seizures following recovery.[3]
Nipah virus infection | |
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Other names | NiV infection[1] |
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Structure of a Henipavirus | |
Symptoms | None, fever, cough, headache, confusion[2] |
Complications | Inflammation of the brain, seizures[3] |
Usual onset | 5 to 14 days after exposure[2] |
Causes | Nipah virus (spread by direct contact)[4] |
Diagnostic method | Based on symptoms, confirmed by laboratory testing[5] |
Prevention | Avoiding exposure to bats and sick pigs, not drinking raw date palm sap[6] |
Treatment | Supportive care[3] |
Frequency | ~701 human cases (1998 to May 2018)[7][8] |
Deaths | ~40 to 75% risk of death[9][10] |
The Nipah virus (NiV) is a type of RNA virus in the genus Henipavirus.[3] The virus normally circulates among specific types of fruit bats.[3] It can both spread between people and from other animals to people.[3] Spread typically requires direct contact with an infected source.[4] Diagnosis is based on symptoms and confirmed by laboratory testing.[5]
Management involves supportive care.[3] As of 2023 there is no vaccine or specific treatment.[3] Prevention is by avoiding exposure to bats and sick pigs and not drinking raw date palm sap.[6] As of May 2018 about 700 human cases are estimated to have occurred and 40 to 75% of those who were infected died.[7][9][8][10] In May 2018, an outbreak of the disease resulted in 17 deaths in the Indian state of Kerala.[11][12][13]
The disease was first identified in 1998 during an outbreak in Malaysia while the virus was isolated in 1999.[3][14] It is named after a village in Malaysia, Sungai Nipah.[14] Pigs may also be infected and millions were killed by Malaysian authorities in 1999 to stop the spread of disease.[3][14]