Southern Ireland
short-lived autonomous region of the United Kingdom / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Southern Ireland | |||||||||
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1921–1922 Disputed with the Irish Republic | |||||||||
Flag | |||||||||
Capital | Dublin 53°21′N 6°16′W | ||||||||
Common languages | English, Irish | ||||||||
Religion | |||||||||
Government | Devolved parliamentary legislature within constitutional monarchy | ||||||||
Monarch | |||||||||
• 1921–1922 | George V | ||||||||
Chairman | |||||||||
• 1922 | Michael Collins | ||||||||
• 1922 | W. T. Cosgrave | ||||||||
Legislature | Parliament of Southern Irelanda (until 27 May 1922) Provisional Parliament (9 August 1922 onwards; unicameral) | ||||||||
Senate (until 27 May 1922) | |||||||||
House of Commons (until 27 May 1922) | |||||||||
History | |||||||||
• Government of Ireland Act | 3 May 1921 | ||||||||
• Anglo-Irish Treaty | 6 December 1921 | ||||||||
• Provisional Government | 16 January 1922 | ||||||||
• Irish Free State Constitution | 6 December 1922 | ||||||||
Currency | Pound sterling | ||||||||
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Today part of | Republic of Ireland | ||||||||
a. A Council of Ireland was also envisaged with "a view to the eventual establishment of a Parliament for the whole of Ireland" (Source: GOI Act) |
Southern Ireland was the twenty-six county Irish state created by the Government of Ireland Act 1920. This Act divided the island of Ireland in two, Northern Ireland (covering approximately fifteen percent of the island, in the northeast) and Southern Ireland (covering the remaining territory to the south and west). Both were given bicameral (two houses) parliaments and separate governments.
The king was represented by the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, who also acted in Northern Ireland.
Southern Ireland never existed except on paper. It was set up by law, but the first attempted meeting of its Parliament failed because it was short of a quorum (the number of members needed to hold a meeting). The second sitting was only to confirm the decision of Dáil Éireann to confirm the Anglo-Irish Treaty, then dissolved it itself.
So the British government set up Southern Ireland but there was never any government to take power.