head of the Catholic Church, ruler of the Papal States from 1800 to 1823 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pope Pius VII (Latin: Pius Septimus; 14 August 1742 – 20 August 1823), born Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 252nd Pope from 14 March 1800 to 20 August 1823.[1]
Pius VII | |
|---|---|
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| Papacy began | 14 March 1800 |
| Papacy ended | 20 August 1823 |
| Predecessor | Pope Pius VI |
| Successor | Pope Leo XII |
| Personal details | |
| Birth name | Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti |
| Born | 14 August 1742 |
| Died | 20 August 1823 (aged 81) |
| Other popes named Pius | |
Chiaramonti was born at Cesena, the son of Count Scipione Chiaramonti.[2] His mother, Giovanna was related to the Braschi family.
At the age of 16, he joined the Benedictine Order in 1756; and he was called Brother Gregory.[2]
Chiaramonte was ordained on 21 September 1765.
In 1782, Pius VI made Brother Gregory Bishop of Tivoli, which is near Rome.[2] Later, he became the Bishop of Imola.[3]
Pius VI raised Bishop Chiaramonte to the rank of Cardinal in 1785.[2] The see (titular church) of Cardinal Chiaramonte was the Basilica of St. Callistus.[4]
Cardinal Chiaramonti was elected pope on March 14 1800; and he chose to be called Pius VII.[2] He appointed Ercole Consalvi as his Secretary of State.[5]
Pope Pius was involved in Italian and European political disputes.[2]
Pius traveled from Rome to Paris to crown Napoleon as Emperor of the French in 1804.[3] Before leaving Rome, he signed abdication papers which would take effect if he were put in prison in France.[6] He was not put in prison; and he did not abdicate.[2]
Pius VII's monument (1831) in St. Peter's Basilica, Rome, is by the Danish sculptor Bertel Thorvaldsen.[3]
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