Majapahit

Empire of Javanese, based in Majakarta (Mojokerto) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Majapahit

Majapahit (Javanese: ꦩꦗꦥꦲꦶꦠ꧀; Javanese pronunciation: [madʒapaɪt]), also known as Wilwatikta[note 4] (Javanese: ꦮꦶꦭ꧀ꦮꦠꦶꦏ꧀ꦠ; Javanese pronunciation: [wɪlwatɪkta]), was a Javanese Hindu-Buddhist thalassocratic empire in Southeast Asia. It was from the island of Java in modern-day Indonesia. It existed from 1293 to around 1527. It was strongest during the era of Hayam Wuruk. He took over many places in Southeast Asia during his reign from 1350 to 1389. According to the Nagarakretagama (Desawarñana) written in 1365, Majapahit was an empire that had land from Sumatra to New Guinea.[5][6][7], Spanning across 2 Continents, It had territory in present-day Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei, southern Thailand, East Timor, and southwestern Philippines (the Sulu Archipelago).

Quick Facts Capital, Common languages ...
Majapahit Empire
ꦤꦒꦫꦶꦏꦫꦗꦤ꧀ꦩꦗꦥꦲꦶꦠ꧀  (Javanese)
ᬧ᭄ᬭᬚᬫᬚᬧᬳᬶᬢ᭄  (Balinese)
Kemaharajaan Majapahit  (Indonesian)
1293–1527
Thumb
The greatest extent of Majapahit influence based on the Nagarakretagama[2] in 1365
CapitalTrowulan, now Mojokerto
Common languages
  • Old Javanese (main)
  • Sanskrit (religious and court)
Religion
GovernmentAbsolute monarchy
Maharaja 
 1293–1309
Raden Wijaya
 1309–1328
Jayanegara
 1328–1350
Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi
 1350–1389
Hayam Wuruk
 1389–1429
Wikramawardhana
 1429–1447
Suhita
 1447–1451
Kertawijaya
 1451–1453
Rajasawardhana
 1456–1466
Girishawardhana
 1466–1474
Suraprabhawa
 1474–1498
Girindrawardhana
History 
 Coronation
10 November[3] 1293
 Demak takeover
1527
Currency
  • Native gold and silver coins
  • Kepeng[4]
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Singhasari
Demak Sultanate
Close

Majapahit was one of the last big Hindu-Buddhist empires of the region. It is said to be one of the greatest and most powerful empires in the history of Indonesia and Southeast Asia. Its influence went outside the modern territory of Indonesia and has been studied a lot.

Notes

  1. Red and white is the royal color of Majapahit. How the color was used by Majapahit is still disputed, see the related article for explanation.
  2. Surya Majapahit (the Sun of Majapahit) is the emblem commonly found in Majapahit ruins. It served as the symbol of the Majapahit empire.
  3. Surya Majapahit (the Sun of Majapahit) is the emblem commonly found in Majapahit ruins. It served as the symbol of the Majapahit empire.
  4. Some Javanese court literatures uses this Old Javanese name, which bears the same meaning as "Majapahit", for example in Nagarakretagama canto 1 stanza 2 and Kidung Harsawijaya. It is sometimes also written backwards as Tiktawilwa, for example in Nagarakretagama canto 18 stanza 4. However it is still more widely known by its Javanese name, as recorded in the hikayats of Aceh, Banjar, Malay, Palembang, etc.

References

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