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List of chancellors of Germany
Wikimedia list article / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The chancellor of Germany is the political leader of Germany. They choose all other members of the government and lead cabinet meetings.[1]
- Top left: Bismarck became the first chancellor with the creation of the North German Federation (1867) and later the German Empire (1871).
- Top right: Adolf Hitler was chancellor (from 1933) and later Führer (dictator) of Nazi Germany.
- Bottom left: In 1949, Konrad Adenauer became the first chancellor of West Germany after World War II.
- Bottom right: Helmut Kohl was chancellor during the period of German reunification.
The office first started in the North German Confederation in 1867.[2] Otto von Bismarck became the first chancellor. The unification of Germany and start of the German Empire in 1871 meant that the Confederation changed into a German country. Its leader was called chancellor of Germany.[3]
At first, the chancellor was only an advisor to the emperor. The emperor chose the chancellor. Later this changed. Under the 1919 Weimar Constitution, the elected President chose the chancellor.[4] In Nazi Germany, politicians ignored the constitution. The chancellor became a dictator under Adolf Hitler. During Allied occupation, there was no chancellor in East or West Germany. This changed after the 1949 Basic Law. This made the chancellor the most important job in the government. The president became less important.[5]