Ethane

Ethane is an organic chemical compound with chemical formula C₂H₆.

Ethane

Skeletal formula of ethane with all implicit hydrogens shown Skeletal formula of ethane with all implicit carbons shown, and all explicit hydrogens added
Ball and stick model of ethane Spacefill model of ethane
Names
Preferred IUPAC name Ethane[1]
Systematic IUPAC name Dicarbane (never recommended[1])
Identifiers
CAS Number	74-84-0 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
Beilstein Reference	1730716
ChEBI	CHEBI:42266 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL135626 Y
ChemSpider	6084 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.741
EC Number	200-814-8
Gmelin Reference	212
MeSH	Ethane
PubChem CID	6324
RTECS number	KH3800000
UNII	L99N5N533T Y
UN number	1035
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6026377
SMILES CC
Properties
Chemical formula	C2H6
Molar mass	30.07 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless gas
Odor	Odorless
Density	1.3562 kg/m−3 (gas at 0 °C)[2] 544.0 kg/m−3 (liquid at -88,5 °C) 206 kg/m−3 (at critical point 305.322 K)
Melting point	−182.8 °C; −296.9 °F; 90.4 K
Boiling point	−88.5 °C; −127.4 °F; 184.6 K
Solubility in water	56.8 mg L−1[3]
Vapor pressure	3.8453 MPa (at 21.1 °C)
kH	19 nmol Pa−1 kg−1
Acidity (pKa)	50
Basicity (pKb)	-36
Conjugate acid	Ethanium
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-37.37·10−6 cm3/mol
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of formation ΔfHo298	−84 kJ mol−1
Std enthalpy of combustion ΔcHo298	−1561.0–−1560.4 kJ mol−1
Specific heat capacity, C	52.49 J K−1 mol−1
Hazards
NFPA 704	4 1 0
Explosive limits	2.9–13%
Related compounds
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colourless, odorless gas. It is isolated from natural gas, and as a byproduct of petroleum refining.

Its main use is in the chemical industry, to make ethylene by steam cracking.

At room temperature, the gas is flammable, and it explodes when mixed with air. When ethane is liquid, touching it causes a very serious frostbite.

References

1. Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 4. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. Similarly, the retained names 'ethane', 'propane', and 'butane' were never replaced by systematic names 'dicarbane', 'tricarbane', and 'tetracarbane' as recommended for analogues of silane, 'disilane'; phosphane, 'triphosphane'; and sulfane, 'tetrasulfane'.
2. "Ethane – Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Retrieved 7 December 2011.
3. Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. p. 8.88. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.