Hinolon

Hinolon je familija sintetičkih antibiotika širokog spektra^[1]^[2]^[3] Prva generacija hinolona je počela uvođenjem nalidiksinske kiselne tokom 1962 za lečenje infekcija urinarnog trakta kod ljudi.^[4] Nalidiksinsku kiselinu je otkrio Džordž Lešer sa saradnicima tokom pokušaja sinteze hlorohina.^[5]

Thumb — Esencijalna struktura svih hinolonskih antibiotika: plavo napisani ostatak R je obično piperazin; ako veza sadrži fluor (crveno), jedinjenje je fluorohinolon.

Oni sprečavaju odvijanje i dupliranje bakterijske DNK.^[6]

Hinoloni, u poređenju sa drugim klasama antibiotika, nose veći rizik od kolonizacije sa MRSA i Clostridium difficile.^[7]^[8]^[9] Večina hinolona u kliničkoj upotrebi pripada grupi fluorohinolona, koji imaju atom fluora vezan za centralni prsten, tipično u poziciji 6, ili na C-7.

[1]
Andriole, VT The Quinolones. Academic Press, 1989.
[2]
Andersson, MI, MacGowan, AP. Development of the quinolones. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. (2003) 51, Suppl. S1, 1–11 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkg212.
[3]
Ivanov DV, Budanov SV (2006). „[Ciprofloxacin and antibacterial therapy of respiratory tract infections]” (Russian). Antibiot. Khimioter. 51 (5): 29–37. PMID 17310788.
[4]
sanofi-aventis U.S. LLC (September 2008). „NegGram Caplets (nalidixic acid, USP)” (PDF). USA: FDA.
[5]
Wentland MP: In memoriam: George Y. Lesher, Ph.D., in Hooper DC, Wolfson JS (eds): Quinolone antimicrobial agents, ed 2., Washington DC, American Society for Microbiology : XIII - XIV, 1993.
[6]
Hooper, DC. (March 2001). „Emerging mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance” (PDF). Emerg Infect Dis 7 (2): 337–41. DOI:10.3201/eid0702.010239. PMC 2631735. PMID 11294736.
[7]
Muto, CA.; Jernigan, JA.; Ostrowsky, BE.; Richet, HM.; Jarvis, WR.; Boyce, JM.; Farr, BM. (May 2003). „SHEA guideline for preventing nosocomial transmission of multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus”. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 24 (5): 362–86. DOI:10.1086/502213. PMID 12785411.
[8]
Dr Ralf-Peter Vonberg. „Clostridium difficile: a challenge for hospitals”. European Center for Disease Prevention and Control. Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology: IHE. Arhivirano iz originala na datum 2009-06-11. Pristupljeno 27. 7. 2009.
[9]
Tacconelli, E.; De Angelis, G.; Cataldo, MA.; Pozzi, E.; Cauda, R. (January 2008). „Does antibiotic exposure increase the risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolation? A systematic review and meta-analysis”. J Antimicrob Chemother 61 (1): 26–38. DOI:10.1093/jac/dkm416. PMID 17986491.

[1] [1]
Andriole, VT The Quinolones. Academic Press, 1989.

[2] [2]
Andersson, MI, MacGowan, AP. Development of the quinolones. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. (2003) 51, Suppl. S1, 1–11 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkg212.

[pmid17310788-3] [3]
Ivanov DV, Budanov SV (2006). „[Ciprofloxacin and antibacterial therapy of respiratory tract infections]” (Russian). Antibiot. Khimioter. 51 (5): 29–37. PMID 17310788.

[4] [4]
sanofi-aventis U.S. LLC (September 2008). „NegGram Caplets (nalidixic acid, USP)” (PDF). USA: FDA.

[5] [5]
Wentland MP: In memoriam: George Y. Lesher, Ph.D., in Hooper DC, Wolfson JS (eds): Quinolone antimicrobial agents, ed 2., Washington DC, American Society for Microbiology : XIII - XIV, 1993.

[Hooper--6] [6]
Hooper, DC. (March 2001). „Emerging mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance” (PDF). Emerg Infect Dis 7 (2): 337–41. DOI:10.3201/eid0702.010239. PMC 2631735. PMID 11294736.

[Muto-2003-7] [7]
Muto, CA.; Jernigan, JA.; Ostrowsky, BE.; Richet, HM.; Jarvis, WR.; Boyce, JM.; Farr, BM. (May 2003). „SHEA guideline for preventing nosocomial transmission of multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus”. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 24 (5): 362–86. DOI:10.1086/502213. PMID 12785411.

[cdacfh09-8] [8]
Dr Ralf-Peter Vonberg. „Clostridium difficile: a challenge for hospitals”. European Center for Disease Prevention and Control. Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology: IHE. Arhivirano iz originala na datum 2009-06-11. Pristupljeno 27. 7. 2009.

[Tacconelli-2008-9] [9]
Tacconelli, E.; De Angelis, G.; Cataldo, MA.; Pozzi, E.; Cauda, R. (January 2008). „Does antibiotic exposure increase the risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolation? A systematic review and meta-analysis”. J Antimicrob Chemother 61 (1): 26–38. DOI:10.1093/jac/dkm416. PMID 17986491.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

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Hinolon

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