Gonadotropin-oslobađajući hormon

Gonadotropin-oslobađajući hormon (GnRH), takođe poznat kao LHRH (engl. ) i luliberin, je trofični peptidni hormon koji je odgovoran za oslobađanje folikul-stimulišućeg hormona (FSH) i luteinizujućeg hormona (LH) iz prednjeg režnja hipofize. GnRH se sintetiše i oslobađa iz neurona hipotalamusa. Ovaj peptid pripada familiji gonadotropin oslobađajućih hormona.

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Gonadotropin-oslobađajući hormon‎‎
from PDB 1YY1
Identifikatori
Simboli	GNRH1; GNRH; GRH; LHRH; LNRH
Vanjski ID	OMIM: 152760 MGI: 95789 HomoloGene: 641 GeneCards: GNRH1 Gene
Ontologija gena Molekularna funkcija • LHRH aktivnost Celularna komponenta • ekstracelularni region • rastvorna frakcija Biološki proces • prenos signala • interćelijska signalizacija • razvoj multićelijskih organizama • negativna regulacija ćelijske proliferacije
Pregled RNK izražavanja
podaci
Ortolozi
Vrsta	Čovek	Miš
Entrez	2796	14714
Ensembl	ENSG00000147437	ENSMUSG00000015812
UniProt	P01148	Q14AC4
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_000825	NM_008145
RefSeq (protein)	NP_000816	NP_032171
Lokacija (UCSC)	Chr 8: 25.33 - 25.34 Mb	Chr 14: 66.7 - 66.7 Mb
PubMed pretraga

Formiranje

Gen, GNRH1, za GnRH prekurzor je lociran na hromozomu 8. Kod sisara, linearni dekapeptidni krajnji proizvod se sintetiše iz 92-aminokiselinskog prohormona u preoptičkom prednjem hipotalamusu

Struktura

GnRH strukturu su objasnili Nobelovci Rodžer Guilemin i Andru V. Schali 1977. godine: piroGlu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2

GnRH je neurohormon

GnRH se smatra neurohormonom, hormonom koji proizvode specifične neuronske ćelije i otpuštaju ga na njihovim neuronskim završecima. Ključna oblast za GNRH produkciju je preoptička oblast hipotalamusa, koja sadrži većinu GnRH-izlučujućih neurona. GnRH neuroni nastaju u nosu i migriraju u mozak, gde se rasprostiru po medijalnom septumu i hipotalamusu. Oni su povezani vrlo dugim (>1-milimetra dugačkim) dendritima. Oni su grupisani tako da primaju zajednički sinaptički input, što im omogućava da sinhronizuju GnRH oslobađanje.^[1]

Reference

1. Campbell RE, Gaidamaka G, Han SK, Herbison AE (June 2009). „Dendro-dendritic bundling and shared synapses between gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106 (26): 10835–40. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0903463106. PMC 2705602. PMID 19541658.

Literatura

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