Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke o Wellington

Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke o Wellington KG, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS (1 Mey 1769 – 14 September 1852), wis an Anglo-Erse soldier an statesman, an ane o the leadin militar an poleetical feegurs o 19t-century Britain. His defeat o Napoleon at the Battle o Waterloo in 1815 put him in the tap rank o Breetain's militar heroes.

Field Marshal His Grace The Duke o Wellington KG, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS
The Duke o Wellington, bi Sir Thomas Lawrence. Pentit in 1814, a few months afore the Battle o Waterloo.
Prime Meenister o the Unitit Kingdom
In office 14 November 1834 – 10 December 1834
Monarch	William IV
Precedit bi	The Viscoont Melbourne
Succeedit bi	Sir Robert Peel
In office 22 Januar 1828 – 16 November 1830
Monarch	George IV William IV
Precedit bi	The Viscoont Goderich
Succeedit bi	The Yerl Grey
Leader o the Hoose o Lords
In office 3 September 1841 – 27 Juin 1846
Prime Meenister	Sir Robert Peel
Precedit bi	The Viscoont Melbourne
Succeedit bi	The Marquess o Lansdowne
In office 14 November 1834 – 18 Aprile 1835
Prime Meenister	Sir Robert Peel
Precedit bi	The Viscoont Melbourne
Succeedit bi	The Viscoont Melbourne
In office 22 Januar 1828 – 22 November 1830
Precedit bi	The Viscoont Goderich
Succeedit bi	The Yerl Grey
Foreign Secretar
In office 14 November 1834 – 18 Aprile 1835
Prime Meenister	Sir Robert Peel
Precedit bi	The Viscoont Palmerston
Succeedit bi	The Viscoont Palmerston
Hame Secretar
In office 17 November 1834 – 15 December 1834
Precedit bi	The Viscoont Duncannon
Succeedit bi	Henry Goulburn
Secretar o State for War an the Colonies
In office 17 November 1834 – 9 December 1834
Precedit bi	Thomas Spring Rice
Succeedit bi	The Yerl o Aiberdeen
Personal details
Born	Arthur Wesley 1 Mey 1769 6 Merrion Street, Dublin, Coonty Dublin, Ireland[1]
Dee'd	14 September 1852(1852-09-14) (aged 83) Walmer Castle, Kent, Ingland, Unitit Kinrick
Restin place	St Paul's Cathedral, Lunnon
Poleetical pairty	Tory (till 1834), Conservative (1834 onward)
Spoose(s)	Catherine Pakenham
Bairns	Arthur Charles
Religion	Kirk o Ireland
Signatur
Militar service
Allegiance	Unitit Kinrick
Service/brainch	Breetish Airmy
Years o service	1787–1852
Rank	Field Marshal
Commands	Commander-in-Chief o the Breetish Airmy
Battles/wars	Flanders Campaign Fowert Anglo-Mysore War Seicont Anglo-Maratha War Inglis Wars Peninsular War Waterloo campaign
Awairds	Knicht o the Order o the Garter Knicht Grand Cross o the Order o the Bath Knicht Grand Cross o the Ryal Guelphic Order Knicht Grand Cross o the Order o the Sword Knicht o the Gowden Fleece Knicht Grand Cross o the Militar William Order[2]

Wellesley wis born in Dublin intae the Protestant Ascendancy in Ireland. He wis commissioned as an ensign in the Breetish Airmy in 1787, servin in Ireland as aide-de-camp tae twa successive Lairds Lieutenant o Ireland. He wis an aw electit as a Member o Pairlament in the Erse Hoose o Commons. He wis a colonel bi 1796 an saw action in the Netherlands an in Indie, whaur he focht in the Fowert Anglo-Mysore War at the Battle o Seringapatam. He wis appyntit govrenor o Seringapatam an Mysore in 1799 an, as a newly appyntit major-general, wan a decisive veectory ower the Maratha Confederacy at the Battle o Assaye in 1803.

Wellesley rose tae prominence as a general in the Peninsular campaign o the Napoleonic Wars, an wis promotit tae the rank o field marshal efter leadin the allied forces tae veectory again the French Empire at the Battle o Vitoria in 1813. Follaein Napoleon's exile in 1814, he served as the ambassador tae Fraunce an wis grantit a dukedom. In the Hunder Days in 1815, he commandit the allied airmy that, thegither wi a Proushie Airmy unner Blücher, defeatit Napoleon at Waterloo. Wellington's battle record is exemplary; he ultimately pairteecipatit in some 60 battles in the coorse o his militar career.

Wellington is famous for his adaptive defensive style o warfare, resultin in several veectories against numerically superior forces while minimisin his awn losses. He is regairdit as ane o the greatest defensive commanders o aw time, an mony o his tactics an battle plans are still studied in militar academies aroond the warld. Efter the end o his active militar career, he returned tae politics. He wis twice Breetish prime meenister as a member o the Tory pairty: frae 1828 tae 1830, an for a little less nor a month in 1834. He owersaw the passage o the Catholic Relief Act 1829, but opponed the Reform Act 1832. He conteenaed as ane o the leadin feegurs in the Hoose o Lairds till his reteerment an remeened Commander-in-Chief o the Breetish Airmy till his daith.

References

1. Wellesley (2008). p. 16.
2. Gifford (1817). p. 375.