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Ytterbium |
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Pronunciation | (ih-TUR-bee-əm) |
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Appearance | sillery white |
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Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Yb) | 7002173045000000000♠173.045(10)[1] |
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Ytterbium in the periodic cairt |
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- ↑ Yb ↓ No |
thulium ← ytterbium → lutetium |
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Atomic nummer (Z) | 70 |
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Group | group n/a |
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Period | period 6 |
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Block | f-block |
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Element category | Lanthanide |
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Electron confeeguration | [Xe] 4f14 6s2 |
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Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 8, 2 |
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Pheesical properties |
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Phase at STP | solit |
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Meltin pynt | 1097 K (824 °C, 1515 °F) |
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Bylin pynt | 1469 K (1196 °C, 2185 °F) |
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Density (near r.t.) | 6.90 g/cm3 |
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when liquid (at m.p.) | 6.21 g/cm3 |
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Heat o fusion | 7.66 kJ/mol |
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Heat o vapourisation | 159 kJ/mol |
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Molar heat capacity | 26.74 J/(mol·K) |
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Vapour pressur
P (Pa) |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
at T (K) |
736 |
813 |
910 |
1047 |
(1266) |
(1465) |
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Atomic properties |
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Oxidation states | +1, +2, +3 (a basic oxide) |
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Electronegativity | Pauling scale: ? 1.1 |
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Atomic radius | empirical: 176 pm |
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Covalent radius | 187±8 pm |
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Spectral lines o ytterbium |
Ither properties |
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Naitural occurrence | primordial |
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Creestal structur | face-centred cubic (fcc) |
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Speed o soond thin rod | 1590 m/s (at 20 °C) |
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Thermal expansion | (r.t.) (β, poly) 26.3 µm/(m·K) |
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Thermal conductivity | 38.5 W/(m·K) |
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Electrical resistivity | (r.t.) (β, poly) 0.250 µ Ω·m |
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Magnetic orderin | paramagnetic |
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Young's modulus | (β form) 23.9 GPa |
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Shear modulus | (β form) 9.9 GPa |
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Bulk modulus | (β form) 30.5 GPa |
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Poisson ratio | (β form) 0.207 |
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Vickers haurdness | 206 MPa |
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Brinell haurdness | 343 MPa |
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CAS Nummer | 7440-64-4 |
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History |
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Diskivery | Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac (1878) |
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First isolation | Georges Urbain (1907) |
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Main isotopes o ytterbium |
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Isotope |
Abundance |
Hauf-life (t1/2) |
Decay mode |
Product |
166Yb |
syn |
56.7 h |
ε |
166Tm |
168Yb |
0.13% |
>1.3×1014 y |
(α) |
164Er |
(β+β+) |
168Er |
169Yb |
syn |
32.026 d |
ε |
169Tm |
170Yb |
3.04% |
- |
(α) |
166Er |
171Yb |
14.28% |
- |
(α) |
167Er |
172Yb |
21.83% |
- |
(α) |
168Er |
173Yb |
16.13% |
- |
(α) |
169Er |
174Yb |
31.83% |
- |
(α) |
170Er |
175Yb |
syn |
4.185 d |
β− |
175Lu |
176Yb |
12.76% |
>1.6×1017 y |
(α) |
172Er |
(β−β−) |
176Hf |
177Yb |
syn |
1.911 o |
β− |
177Lu |
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Decay modes in parentheses are predictit, but hae nae yet been observed |
| references |