Swisserland

Swisserland (German: Schweiz, French: Suisse, Italian: Svizzera, Romansh: Svizra, Laitin: Helvetia), kent offeecially the Swiss Confederation (German: Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft, French: Confédération Suisse, Italian: Confederazione Svizzera an Romansh: Confederaziun Svizra, Laitin: Confoederatio Helvetica), is an Alpine kintra in Central Europe. It is landlockit an haes the neebours Germany tae the North, Fraunce tae the Wast, Italy tae the Sooth an Austrick an Liechtenstein tae the East. Historically it wis a Confederation but syne 1848 it haes been a Federation. It haes a strang economy in finance an baunkin an haes a lang history o bein neutral baith poleetical an meelitar.

Swiss Confederation Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft  (German) Confédération suisse  (French) Confederazione Svizzera  (Italian) Confederaziun svizra  (Romansh) Confoederatio Helvetica  (Laitin)
Banner Coat o airms
Motto: (tradeetional) "Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno" (Laitin) "Ane for aw, aw for ane"
Anthem: "Swiss Psalm"
Location o  Switzerland  (green) on the European continent  (green & dark grey)
Caipital	None (de jure) Bern (de facto)[note 1][1][2] 46°57′N 7°27′E
Lairgest ceety	Zürich
Offeecial leids	German French Italian Romansh
Demonym(s)	Scots: Swiss, German: Schweizer(in), French: Suisse(sse), Italian: svizzero/svizzera, or elvetico/elvetica, Romansh: Svizzer/Svizra
Govrenment	Federal semi-direct democracy unner multi-pairty pairlamentary directorial republic
• Federal Cooncil	Viola Amherd (Preses) Karin Keller-Sutter (Vice Preses) Guy Parmelin Ignazio Cassis Albert Rösti Elisabeth Baume-Schneider Beat Jans
• Federal Chancellor	Viktor Rossi
Legislatur	Federal Assembly
• Upper house	Cooncil o States
• Lower house	Naitional Cooncil
History
• Foondation date	c. 1300[note 2] (tradeetionally 1 August 1291)
• Peace o Westphalie	24 October 1648
• Restoration	7 August 1815
• Federal state	12 September 1848[note 3][3]
Aurie
• Total	41,285 km2 (15,940 sq mi) (135t)
• Water (%)	4.2
Population
• 2016 estimate	8,401,120[4] (99th)
• 2015 census	8,327,126[5]
• Density	202/km2 (523.2/sq mi) (63rd)
GDP (PPP)	2016 estimate
• Total	$493.126 billion[6] (39t)
• Per capita	$59,150[6] (9t)
GDP (nominal)	2016 estimate
• Tot	$651.770 billion[6] (19th)
• Per capita	$78,179[6] (2nt)
Gini (2015)	29.5[7] law · 19th
HDI (2015)	0.939[8] verra heich · 2nt
Currency	Swiss franc (CHF)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Date format	dd.mm.yyyy (AD)
Drivin side	right
Cawin code	+41
ISO 3166 code	CH
Internet TLD	.ch
Wabsteid www.admin.ch

Territorial Organization

Notes

1. De jure "federal ceety"; de facto caipital. Due tae historical federalist sensibilities, Swiss law disna designate a formal caipital; an some federal institutions such as coorts are locatit in ither ceeties.
2. The oreeginal date o the Rütlischwur wis 1307 (reportit bi Aegidius Tschudi in the 16t century) an is juist ane amang several comparable treaties atween mair or less the same pairties during that period. The date o the Federal Charter o 1291 wis selectit in 1891 for the offeecial celebration o the "Confederacy's 600t anniversary".
3. A solemn declaration o the Tagsatzung declared the Federal Constitution adoptit on 12 September 1848. A resolution o the Tagsatzung o 14 September 1848 specifee'd that the pouers o the institutions providit for bi the 1815 Federal Treaty would expire at the time o the constitution o the Federal Council, which took place on 16 November 1848.

References

1. Georg Kreis: Federal city in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland, 20 March 2015.
2. Holenstein, André (2012). "Die Hauptstadt existiert nicht". UniPress – Forschung und Wissenschaft an der Universität Bern (scientific article) (in German). Berne: Department Communication, University of Berne. 152 (Sonderfall Hauptstatdtregion): 16–19. doi:10.7892/boris.41280. Als 1848 ein politisch-administratives Zentrum für den neuen Bundesstaat zu bestimmen war, verzichteten die Verfassungsväter darauf, eine Hauptstadt der Schweiz zu bezeichnen und formulierten stattdessen in Artikel 108: «Alles, was sich auf den Sitz der Bundesbehörden bezieht, ist Gegenstand der Bundesgesetzgebung.» Die Bundesstadt ist also nicht mehr und nicht weniger als der Sitz der Bundesbehörden.
3. Andreas Kley: Federal constitution in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland, 3 May 2011.
4. "Bevölkerungsbestand am Ende des 2. Quartals 2016" [Recent monthly and quarterly figures: provisional data] (XLS) (official statistics) (in German, French, and Italian). Neuchâtel, Switzerland: Swiss Federal Statistical Office (FSO), Swiss Confederation. 6 October 2016. 1155-1500. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
5. Jacqueline Kucera, Athena Krummenacher, eds. (22 November 2016). Switzerland's population 2015 (PDF) (official report). Swiss Statistics. Neuchâtel, Switzerland: Swiss Federal Statistical Office (FSO), Swiss Confederation. Retrieved 7 December 2016. Cite uses deprecated parameter |editors= (help)
6. "5. Report for Selected Countries and Subjects: Switzerland". Washington, DC, U.S.: International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
7. "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey" (Eurostat Data Explorer). Brussels, Belgium: European Commission. 15 November 2016. Archived frae the original on 4 Mairch 2016. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
8. "2016 Human Development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2016. Retrieved 25 Mairch 2017.

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