Fungus

A fungus (/'fʌŋɡəs/; plural: fungi^[3] or funguses; aften cried puddockstuil, inspeciallie whan thare is a shank) is a memmer o a muckle group o eukaryotic organisms thit is incluidin o microorganisms sic as baurms an moulds, as weel as the mair familiar mushruims. Thir organisms is clessifee'd as a kinrick, Fungi, whilk is apairt frae plants, animals, protists an bacteria. A muckle differ is thit fungal cells haes cell waas thit hauds chitin, wanalike the cell waas o plants an some protists, whilk hauds cellulose, an unalike bacteriae cell waas. Thir differs, an ithers, shaws thit the fungi furms a unifee'd group o sib organisms, cried the Eumycota (true fungi or Eumycetes), thit skare a common auncestor (is a monophyletic group). This fungal group is distinct frae the structurally seemilar myxomycetes (slime moulds) an oomycetes (watter moulds). The discipline o biology devotit tae the studie o fungi is kent as mycology (frae the Greek μύκης, mukēs, meanin "fungus"). Mycology haes aften been regairdit as a brainch o botany, even tho it is its ain kinrick in biological taxonomy. Genetic studies haes shawn thit fungi is sibber tae ainimals nor tae plants.

Fungi Temporal range: Early Devonian–Present 410–0 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Clockwise frae tap left: Amanita muscaria, a basidiomycete; Sarcoscypha coccinea, an ascomycete; breid kivert in mould; a chytrid; an Aspergillus conidiophore.
Scientific classification
(unranked):	Opisthokonta
(unranked):	Holomycota
(unranked):	Zoosporia
Kinrick:	Fungi (L.) R.T.Moore[1]
Subkingdoms/Phyla/Subphyla[2]
Blastocladiomycota Chytridiomycota Glomeromycota Microsporidia Neocallimastigomycota Dikarya (inc. Deuteromycota) Ascomycota Pezizomycotina Saccharomycotina Taphrinomycotina Basidiomycota Agaricomycotina Pucciniomycotina Ustilaginomycotina Subphyla incertae sedis Entomophthoromycotina Kickxellomycotina Mucoromycotina Zoopagomycotina

References

1. Moore RT (1980). "Taxonomic proposals for the classification of marine yeasts and other yeast-like fungi including the smuts". Botanica Marina. 23: 361–373.
2. The clessification seestem presentit here is based on the 2007 phylogenetic study bi Hibbett et al.
3. /ˈfʌŋɡai/