Birth defect

A birth defect, kent as a congenital disorder an aw, is a condeetion present at birth regairdless o cause.^[3]

Birth defect
Synonyms	Congenital disorder, congenital disease, congenital deformity, congenital anomaly[1]
A boy wi Down syndrome, ane o the maist common birth defects[2]
Specialty	Medical genetics, pediatrics
Symptoms	Pheesical disabeelity, intellectual disabeelity, developmental disabeelity[3]
Uisual onset	Present at birth[3]
Teeps	Structural, functional[4]
Causes	Genetics, exposur tae certain medications or chemicals, certaint infections in pregnancy[5]
Risk factors	Nae eneuch folic acid, drinkin alcohol or smeukin, puirly controlled diabetes, mother ower the age o 35[6][7]
Treatment	Therapy, medication, surgery, assistive technology[8]
Frequency	3% of newborns (US)[2]
Daiths	628,000 (2015)[9]

References

1. Ruth A. Hannon (2010). Porth pathophysiology : concepts of altered health states (1st Canadian ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 128. ISBN 978-1-60547-781-7.
2. "Birth Defects". 15 December 2015. Retrieved 17 Januar 2016.
3. "Birth Defects: Condition Information". www.nichd.nih.gov. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
4. "What are the types of birth defects?". www.nichd.nih.gov. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
5. "What causes birth defects?". www.nichd.nih.gov. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
6. "How many people are affected by/at risk for birth defects?". www.nichd.nih.gov. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
7. "Facts Birth Defects". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (in Inglis). 7 September 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
8. "What are the treatments for birth defects?". www.nichd.nih.gov. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
9. GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death, Collaborators. (8 October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. PMID 27733281.