Battle o the Teutoburg Forest

The Battle o the Teutoburg Forest (German: Schlacht im Teutoburger Wald, Hermannsschlacht or Varusschlacht), describit as clades Variana (the Varian disaster) bi Roman historians, teuk place in 9 CE, when an alliance o Germanic tribes led bi Arminius o the Cherusci ambushed an decisively destroyed three Roman legions an thair auxiliaries, led bi Publius Quinctilius Varus.

Battle o the Teutoburg Forest
Pairt o the Roman-Germanic wars
Cenotaph o Marcus Caelius, 1st centurion o XVIII, who "fell in the war o Varus" (bello Variano). Reconstructit inscription: "Tae Marcus Caelius, son o Titus, o the Lemonian destrict, frae Bologna, first centurion o the aichteenth legion. 53½ year auld. He fell in the Varian War. His bones mey be interred here. Publius Caelius, son o Titus, o the Lemonian destrict, his brither, erectit (this monument)."[1]
Date circa September, 9 C.E. Location Osnabrück Coonty, Lawer Saxony Result Decisive Germanic victory. Roman Empire's strategic widrawal frae Magna Germania.
Belligerents
Germanic tribes (Cherusci, Marsi, Chatti, Bructeri, Chauci an Sicambri)	Roman Empire
Commanders an leaders
Arminius	Publius Quinctilius Varus †
Strenth
Unkent, but estimates range frae 12,000–32,000.	20,000–max.36,000: 3 Roman legions (XVII, XVIII/XIIX, and XIX/XVIIII); 3 alae; 6 auxiliary cohorts.
Casualties an losses
Unkent.	16,000 [2] tae 20,000 dead [3] Some ithers enslaved.

Despite several successfu campaigns an raids bi the Roman airmy in the years efter the battle, thay never again attemptit tae conquer Germania territory east o the Rhine River.

References

1. "Marcus Caelius". www.livius.org. September 2010. Archived frae the original on 8 Mairch 2010. Retrieved 10 Januar 2014.
2. Wells, Peter S. The Battle that stopped Rome. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. 2003, p. 187 ISBN 0-393-32643-8
3. Kevin Sweeney, Scholars look at factors surrounding Hermann’s victory Archived 2011-07-14 at the Wayback Machine. www.nujournal.com