The 2008 Simmer Olympic Gemmes, offeecially kent as the Gemmes o the XXIX Olympiad, wis a major internaitional multi-sport event that teuk place in Beijing, Cheenae, frae August 8 tae 24, 2008.[a] A tot o 10,942 athletes frae 204 Naitional Olympic Committees (NOCs) competit in 28 sports an 302 events (a tot o ane event mair nor the schedule o the 2004 Gemmes). Cheenae became the 22nt naition tae host the Olympic Gemmes an the 18t tae hauld a Simmer Olympic Gemmes. It wis the third time that the Simmer Olympic Gemmes war held in Asie, efter Tokyo, Japan, in 1964 an Seoul, Sooth Korea, in 1988. The equestrian events war held in Hong Kong, makin it the third time the events o the same olympics war held unner the jurisdiction o twa different NOCs[b], while sailin wis contestit in Qingdao, an fitbaa events teuk place in several different ceeties.
Sports
The program for the Beijing Gemmes wis quite seemilar tae that o the 2004 Simmer Olympics held in Athens. Thare war 28 sports an 302 events at the 2008 Gemmes. Nine new events war held, includin twa frae the new cyclin discipline o BMX. Weemen competit in the 3000 metre steeplechase for the first time. Open watter soummin events for men an weemen, ower the distance o 10 kilometre (6.2 mi), war added tae the soummin discipline. Team events (men an weemen) in table tennis replaced the doubles events.[1]
The followin war the 28 sports that war contestit at the Gemmes. The nummer o events contestit in each sport is indicatit in parentheses (in sports wi mair nor ane discipline, as identified bi the IOC,[2] thir are an aa specified).
Medal coont
Aichty-seiven naitions earned medals, 54 o which won gowd medals, baith settin new records for Olympic Gemmes.[3][4] 118 participatin kintras did nae win a medal. Athletes frae Cheenae won 51 gowd medals, the maist o ony naition at thir Olympics, becomin the first naition ether than the Unitit States an Roushie (Soviet Union) tae lead in medals syne Germany at the 1936 Simmer Olympics.[3] The Unitit States team won the maist medals oweraw, wi 110.[4] Afghanistan,[5] Mauritius,[6] Sudan,[7] Tajikistan[8] an Togo[9] won thair first Olympic medals. Athletes frae Mongolie (which previously held the record for maist medals withoot a gowd)[10] an Panama[11] won thair naition's first gowd medals. An athlete frae Serbie won its first medal unner that name, havin previously won medals as pairt o Yugoslavie an Serbie an Montenegro.[12]
American swimmer Michael Phelps received a tot o aicht gowd medals, mair nor ony ether Olympian, settin numerous warld an Olympic records in the process.[3] Jamaican sprinter Usain Bolt an aa set records in multiple events, completin the 100 m final wi a time o 9.69 seconds, surpassin his awn previous warld record.[13] Roushie-born American gymnast Nastia Liukin won the aw-aroond gowd medal in airtistic gymnastics, becomin the third American woman tae dae sae, followin Mary Lou Retton in 1984 an Carly Patterson in 2004.[14]
Thir are the tap ten naitions that won medals in the 2008 Gemmes.[4]
| Rank | Naition | Gowd | Siller | Bronze | Tot |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Cheenae (host naition) | 51 | 21 | 28 | 100 |
| 2 |  United States | 36 | 38 | 36 | 110 |
| 3 |  Roushie | 23 | 21 | 29 | 73 |
| 4 |  Great Breetain | 19 | 13 | 15 | 47 |
| 5 |  Germany | 16 | 10 | 15 | 41 |
| 6 |  Australie | 14 | 15 | 17 | 46 |
| 7 |  Sooth Korea | 13 | 10 | 8 | 31 |
| 8 |  Japan | 9 | 6 | 10 | 25 |
| 9 |  Italy | 8 | 9 | 10 | 27 |
| 10 |  Fraunce | 7 | 16 | 18 | 41 |
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