Imyuka Ihumanya Ikirere
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
ibigize imyuka ya gazi yo mu kirere, byaba kamere cyangwa bikomoka ku bikorwa by’abantu, bimira kandi bikongera bikagarura imyanda yanduza, harimo imyuka yo mu bwoko bwa carbon dioxide, gazi metani, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, sulphur hexafluoride n’indi myuka idahita ihumanya ikirere;
Leta y’u Rwanda[1] yakomeje guhashya imyuka ihumanya ikirere binyuze mu gushyira mu bikorwa amabwiriza agenga ikirere yo mu 2016 agena uko hakirindwa iyangirika ry’ikirere, yashyizweho n’Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera Ibidukikije cyo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, EPA. Mu rwego rwo gukomeza kurengera imibereho myiza y’Abanyarwanda ndetse n’abatuye Isi, REMA yateguye ubukangurambaga buzamara ukwezi, bukazajya bubera mu mpande zitandukanye z’igihugu. Ubu bukangurambaga buzajya bukorerwa mu mihanda itandukanye aho hazajya hafatwa ibipimo by’umwuka usohorwa n’ibinyabiziga ndetse ababitwara bagakangurirwa guhora babyitaho mu rwego rwo kwirinda kuba imbarutso y’iyangirika ry’ikirere.[2]
Intego ni ukugabanya imyuka yoherezwa mu kirere ivuye mu binyabiziga, ku bufatanye n’ingeri zose z’Abanyarwanda. Kuri uyu wa Gatanu ku ya 25 Werurwe 2022, wari umunsi wa kabiri w’ubukangurambaga, aho REMA ku bufatanye na polisi y’Iguhugu y’u Rwanda ndetse n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gitsura Ubuziranenge RSB, babukoreye mu karere ka Nyarugenge, Umurenge wa Kanyinya, akagari ka Nyamweru mu muhanda ugana Shyorongi ndetse no mu muhanda uva Nyabugogo werekeza mu Majyepfo. Insanganyamatsiko y’ubu bukangurambaga iragura iti “Ikinyabiziga kizima umwuka mwiza.” Ibi bikorwa byo gupima umwuka uva mu modoka, bizajya bikorwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza y’ubuziranenge agenwa na RSB, aranga ibipimo by’umwotsi ntarengwa ushobora kutangiza ibidukikije uva mu kinyabiziga. Aya mabwiriza ari mu byiciro bitatu bishingiye ku gihe ibinyabiziga bitandukanye byakorewe, nk’uko bitangazwa n’Umukozi wa RSB, mu ishami ripima ubuziranenge bw’ibikoresho harimo n’ibikoresho bisohora umwuka .[3]
Icyiciro cya mbere kirebana n’ibinyabiziga bishaje bikabije. Ibinyabiziga byose byasohotse mu ruganda mbere y’umwaka w’i 1992 bibarizwa muri iki cyiciro. Muri iki cyiciro igipimo ntarengwa cy’umwotsi wanduza usohoka mu kinyabiziga ntikigomba kurenga uduce tw’umwuka 2000 kuri miliyoni y’uduce tw’umwuka ikinyabiziga cyohereje mu kirere.
Icyiciro cya kabiri kibarizwamo ibinyabiziga byakozwe hagati y’umwaka wa 1992 na 2004. Aha igipimo cy’umwuka wanduza ikinyabiziga cyohereza mu kirere ntikigomba kurenga uduce igihumbi kuri miliyoni y’uduce tw’umwuka woherezwa mu kirere.
Icyiciro cya gatatu ari cyo kigaragaramo ibinyabiziga byakoze ariko bidashaje ndetse n’ibinyabiziga bishya, ni ibyakozwe guhera mu mwaka wa 2005 kugeza ubu. Muri iki cyiciro, igipimo cy’umwuka wanduza ikinyabiziga cyohereza mu kirere ntikigomba kurenga uduce 600 kuri miliyoni y’uduce tw’umwuka woherezwa mu kirere.
Icyakora ibi bipimo bifatirwaho, bishobora kongerwa cyangwa kugabanywa bitewe n’intambwe iterwa mu kurwanya icyahumanya ikirere. Mu binyabiziga bitandukanye byafatiwe ibipimo, hagaragaye ibirenza ibipimo bisabwa, ba nyirabyo bagaragaza ibibazo bahura nabyo ndetse n’ibindi bihagaze neza.
Ubu bukangurambaga buzamara ukwezi bwateguwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe kurengera Ibidukikije REMA, ku bufatanye na polisi y’Igihugu cy’u Rwanda ndetse na RSB.[4]
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