Ikinyarwanda

Ikinyarwanda^[1] ni ururimi rw’Abanyarwanda n'abavuga Ikinyarwanda badatuye u Rwanda. Ikinyarwanda kivugwa mu Rwanda no mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo. Ibindi bihugu bikikije u Rwanda bifite indimi zijya gusa n'Ikinyarwanda: Ikinyarwanda gisa n’Ikirundi, ururimi rw’i Burundi, rukanasa n’Igiha cyo muri Tanzaniya. Itegekongenga ISO 639-3 kin.uru ni ururimi ruranga umunyarwanda Aho Ari hose ninarwo rurimi ruvugwa mu gihugu cy'urwanda.

Ibendera ry'igihugu cy'u Rwanda

Ikinyarwanda

Ikinyarwanda gifite umwanya ukomeye mu mibereho y’Abanyarwanda. Ni rwo rurimi ruha Abanyarwanda ubushobozi bwo kuranga isi, kugaragaza imbamutima, gushyikirana baganira, bungurana ibitekerezo no kugezanyaho ubutumwa.

Ururimi rw’Ikinyarwanda rufite uruhare rukomeye mu guhamya Umunyarwanda udafite isoni n’ubwoba by’umuco we kandi utisuzugura. Umuco w’u Rwanda ukeneye abawurinda n’abawubungabunga ngo hato imico y’amahanga itawumira. Iyo nshingano rero ni iy’Abanyarwanda ubwabo. Inzira ya mbere iriho ni ukwigisha Ikinyarwanda.

Ku wa 21 Werurwe buri mwaka, u Rwanda rwizihiza Umunsi Mpuzamahanga w'Ururimi Kavukire ari rwo: Ikinyarwanda.

Ikinyanduga si cyo Kinyarwanda cyonyine, uretse ko abapadiri bashatse kwandika Ikinyarwanda bahera ku Kinyanduga, kuko abacyanditse bari i Kabgayi.

U Rwanda

Kwigisha Ikinyarwanda bihamye rero ni ugushimangira Ubunyarwanda. Ni ugushyikiriza umwana w’u Rwanda ibyo abakurambere bahanze bakabisigira Umunyarwanda wese ho umurage. Bityo kwiga Ikinyarwanda bikaba guhura n’ibyo kibumbatiye: uko giteye, ubugeni gihetse, umuco n’imyumvire y’Abanyarwanda. Ibi bisobanura ko kwigisha Ikinyarwanda ari ugufasha umwana w’u Rwanda kugicengera ari mu miterere yacyo no bwiza bwacyo: uko cyemerera ukivuga gutaka imvugo ye.

Kwigisha Ikinyarwanda rero bikwiye kuba umwanya wo guha Umunyarwanda ubushobozi bwo kwirinda kumirwa n’amahanga, ibyiza akisangamo akabyamamaza, ibyo anenga akabikosora, akagiteza imbere kigahangana n’iterambere isi igezeho uyumunsi

Ikinyarwanda kandi gifitemo amagambo menshi asa nayo mu rurimi rwitwa Ikizulu rw'abirabura bo muri Afurika y'Epfo,urugero;

umuntu, abantu, ingwe, amazi, umutwaro, ingata, inyama, inyoni, iminwa, marume, umukwe, abatwa.

Kuragira

Urutonde rw'inyuguti z’Ikinyarwanda

Ikinyarwanda kigizwe n'inyuguti 24: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p r s t u v w y z

Izi nyuguti 24 zirimo ibice 2:

Inyajwi 5: a e i o u

Ingombajwi (indagi) 19: b c d f g h j k l m n p r s t v w y z

UMUCO GAKONDO W'ABANYARWANDA

Abanyarwanda muri gakondo yabo bizeraga neza umuremyi imana ko ishora byose mbere yu mwaduko w'abazungu abanyarwanda bizereraga muri RYANGOMBE ry'ababinga BAKABANDWA( bizeragako nyuma y'ubuzima hari ubundi buzima kandi bakizerako mugihe bambaje abakurambere hari ibyo babafasha byabananiye).

GUSABA UMUGENI MU RWANDA RWO HAMBERE

Mu Rwanda rwo hambere imigenzo yo hambere yo gusaba umugeni byagirwamo uruhare n'ababyeyi,

kumpande zombi iyo migenzo yabanzirizwaga no gufata irembo ,bisobanuye ko ababyeyi b'umuhungu,

iyobabaga bashimiye umhungu wabo umugeni bajyaga gufata irembo cyangwa umwanya kugirango hatazagira undi waturuka mu wundi muryango.

iyo migenzo yakorwaga n'ababyeyi kumpande zombi abana babo ntabahari,se w'umuhungu agasabira umusore.^[2]

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Indagi zivamo ibihekane bigizwe n'inyuguti ebyiri, eshatu, ndetse hari n'ibigizwe n'inyuguti 4 bikongerwaho nabyo buri gihe inyajwi kugirango bivugike neza.

Urugero: Ibihekane bigizwe n'ingwombajwi ebyiri nd, wakongeraho inyajwi (a e i o u) bigahinduka nda, nde, ndi, ndo, ndu ukandika ijambo indege.

Ibihekane bigizwe n'ingombajwi eshatu ndw kongera ho inyajwi (a e i o u) bigahinduka ndwa, ndwe, ndwi, ndwo, ndwu ukandika ijambo indwara.

Ibihekane bigizwe n'ingombajwi enye nshy kongera ho inyajwi (a e i o u) bigahinduka nshya, nshye, nshyi, nshyo, nshyu ukandika ijambo inshyushyu.

Ingombajwi

	inyaminwa	inyamwinyo	inyesongashinya	"Postalveolar"	inyarusenge	incarusenga	"Labiovelar"	"Glottal"
Inturike	p b		t d		c ɟ	k ɡ
inkubyi		f v	s z	ʃ ʒ	ç			h
inturike nkubyi			ts	tʃ
inyamazuru	m		n		ɲ	ŋ
"Approximant"					j		w
"Tap or Flap"			ɾ

Inyajwi

	imbere	"Back"
"Close"	i	u
"Close-mid"	e	o
inyatu	a

	umugereka	ubuke	urugero
I	(u)mu-	(a)ba-	umuntu/ abantu
II	(u)mu-	(i)mi-	umurima/ imirima
III	(i)(ri)-	(a)ma-	iriba/ amariba
IV	(i)ki- or (i)gi-	(i)bi-	ikiganza/ ibiganza
V	(i)n-	(i)n-	indimu (imwe)/ indimu (ebyiri)
VI	(u)ru-	(i)n-	urugero/ ingero
VII	(a)ka-	(u)tu-	akarabo/ uturabo
VIII	(u)bu-	(u)bu-	ubute/ ubute (?)
IX	(u)ku-	(a)ma-	ukuguru/ amaguru
X	(a)ha-	(a)ha-	ahantu (hamwe)/ abantu (henshi)

"Class"	ubumwe		ubwinshi
	indomo	Ikinyazina ngenera	indomo	Ikinyazina ngenera
1	umu	wa	aba	ba
2	umu	wa	imi	ya
3	i, in	ya	i, in	za
4	iki	cya	ibi	bya
5	i(ri)	rya	ama	ya
6	uru	rwa	in	za
7	aka	ka	utu	twa
8	ubu	bwa	ama	ya
9	uku	kwa	ama	ya
10	aha	ha

1 (ubumwe)	umu	mu	wa	uyu	uwo	uriya	wa	n, u, a	n, ku, mu
1 (ubwinshi)	aba	ba	ba	aba	abo	bariya	ba	tu, mu, ba	tu, ba, ba
2 (ubumwe)	umu	mu	wa	uyu	uwo	uriya	wa	u	wu
2 (ubwinshi)	imi	mi	ya	iyi	iyo	iriya	ya	i	yi
3 (ubumwe)	i, in	n	ya	iyi	iyo	iriya	ya	i	yi
3 (ubwinshi)	i, in	n	za	izi	izo	ziriya	za	zi	zi
4 (ubumwe)	iki	ki	cya	iki	icyo	kiriya	cya	ki	ki
4 (ubwinshi)	ibi	bi	bya	ibi	ibyo	biriya	bya	bi	bi
5 (ubumwe)	i	ri	rya	iri	iryo	ririya	rya	ri	ri
5 (ubwinshi)	ama	ma	ya	aya	ayo	ariya	ya	a	ya
6 (ubumwe)	uru	ru	rwa	uru	urwo	ruriya	rwa	ru	ru
6 (ubwinshi)	in	n	za	izi	izo	ziriya	za	zi	zi
7 (ubumwe)	aka	ka	ka	aka	ako	kariya	ka	ka	ka
7 (ubwinshi)	utu	tu	twa	utu	utwo	turiya	twa	tu	tu
8 (ubumwe)	ubu	bu	bwa	ubu	ubwo	buriya	bwa	bu	bu
8 (ubwinshi)	ama	ma	ya	aya	ayo	ariya	ya	a	ya
9 (ubumwe)	uku	ku	kwa	uku	ukwo	kuriya	kwa	ku	ku
9 (ubwinshi)	ama	ma	ya	aya	ayo	ariya	ya	a	ya
10(ubumwe/ubwinshi)	aha	ha	ha	aha	aho	hariya	ha	ha	ha

Imyandikire

Imyandikire y’ikinyarwanda

Imiyoboro

• http://marshill.org/refugees/files/2010/07/Kinyarwanda-English-Dictionary.pdf
• Coupez André et alii, 2006 Inkoranya y íkinyarwaanda mu kinyarwaanda nó mu gifaraansá = Dictionnaire Rwanda-Rwanda et Rwanda-Français, Institut de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (Butare, Rwanda) et Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale (Belgique).
• Shimamungu Eugène, 1998, Le kinyarwanda, initiation à une langue bantu, Paris, L'Harmattan. Inyandikorugero:ISB

1. ururimi rwi kinyarwanda
2. Umuco nyarwanda