Desalinizare

Desalinizarea este un ansamblu de procese de separare a sărurilor din apa cu o salinitate nenulă. Este un proces necesar in zonele unde nu e disponibilă apă dulce.

Instalație de desalinizare cu osmoză inversă din Barcelona,Spania

Desalinizarea se poate efectua prin distilare, osmoză inversă sau electrodializă inversă.^[1]

În anul 2011, metrul cub de apă desalinizată costa 0,53 de dolari.^[2]

Note

1. Panagopoulos, Argyris; Haralambous, Katherine-Joanne; Loizidou, Maria. „Desalination brine disposal methods and treatment technologies - A review”. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.351.Mentenanță CS1: Nume multiple: lista autorilor (link)
2. Goana după resurse, 25 septembrie 2011, Mariana Bechir, Adevărul, accesat la 5 mai 2012

Bibliografie

• en Committee on Advancing Desalination Technology, National Research Council. (2008). Desalination: A National Perspective. National Academies Press.
• en Desalination: The next wave in global water consumption from TLVInsider
• en Elimelech, M.; Phillip, W. A. (2011). „The Future of Seawater Desalination: Energy, Technology, and the Environment” (PDF). Science. 333 (6043): 712–717. Bibcode:2011Sci...333..712E. doi:10.1126/science.1200488. PMID 21817042. Arhivat din original (PDF) la 24 martie 2012. Significant review article.

Legături externe

• Desalination: is this as good as it gets?, 5 august 2011, John Timmer, Ars Technica
• Rethinking desalination, 9 noiembrie 2007, Jonathan M. Gitlin, Ars Technica
• International Desalination Association
• Desalination timeline
• GeoNoria Solar Desalination Process Arhivat în 22 noiembrie 2008, la Wayback Machine.
• National Academies Press|Desalination: A National Perspective
• Books around desalination
• World Wildlife Fund|Desalination: option or distraction?
• European Desalination Society
• IAEA – Nuclear Desalination
• DME e.V.– German Desalination Society
• Working principles in desalination systems
• Classification of Desalination Technologies (CDT)
• Large scale desalination of sea water using solar energy
• Desalination by humidification and dehumidification of air: state of the art Arhivat în 12 aprilie 2003, la Wayback Machine.
• Zonnewater – optimized solar thermal desalination (distillation) Arhivat în 4 septembrie 2011, la Wayback Machine.
• SOLAR TOWER Project – Clean Electricity Generation for Desalination.
• Desalination bibliography Library of Congress
• Water-Technology
• Cheap Drinking Water from the Ocean – Carbon nanotube-based membranes will dramatically cut the cost of desalination
• Solar thermal-driven desalination plants based on membrane distillation Arhivat în 17 martie 2006, la Wayback Machine.
• Encyclopedia of Water Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources
• wind-powered desalinization plant in Perth, Australia, is an example of how technology is insulating rich countries from impacts of climate change, while poor countries remain particularly vulnerable.
• The Desal Response Group Arhivat în 27 iulie 2010, la Wayback Machine.
• Encyclopedia of Desalination and water and Water Resources
• Desalination & Water Reuse – Desalination news
• Desalination: The Cyprus Experience
• Desalination: The Jersey Water plant at La Rosière, Corbiere
• Desalination and Membrane Technologies: Federal Research and Adoption Issues Congressional Research Service
• Desalination Articles, Commentary and Archive - The New York Times Newspaper
• Future Desalination Technology Database

Vezi și

• Alimentare cu apă
• Apă de mare
• Distilare
• Saramură
• Sărătură