Cruzador blindado

O cruzador blindado ou cruzador couraçado é um tipo de cruzador, um navio de guerra. É protegido por uma cinta lateral blindada, além do convés blindado e casamatas carvoeiras protegidas. Os cruzadores blindados foram os principais combatentes de duas batalhas navais - a Batalha de Ulsan na Guerra Russo-Japonesa, e a Batalha de Coronel na I Guerra Mundial - e desempenharam importantes papéis de apoio em outras batalhas da época.

Cruzador couraçado português Vasco da Gama

História

O cruzador blindado foi desenvolvido na década de 1870 como uma tentativa de combinar as virtudes do navio de guerra blindado e os cruzadores rápidos e de longo alcance, mas sem armadura, da época. Tal navio era desejável para proteger o comércio exterior e, especialmente para os franceses e britânicos, para policiar seus vastos impérios estrangeiros. A preocupação nos círculos navais mais elevados era que, sem navios que pudessem atender a esses requisitos e incorporar novas tecnologias, sua frota se tornaria obsoleta e ineficaz se surgisse uma guerra no mar.^[1]

O desenvolvimento do projétil explosivo em meados da década de 1880 tornou o uso de navios blindados inevitável, apesar do custo e peso. Os cruzadores blindados começaram a surgir nas maiores marinhas ocidentais por volta de 1873 e o tipo continuou a ser construído até 1908. Por esta época, foram rapidamente superados pelos novos navios de guerra "totalmente armados de grandes canhões" do tipo-dreadnought, mais especificamente, pelos cruzadores de batalha, que sairiam-se melhor em todos os aspectos, e a partir de então sucederam os cruzadores blindados.

Ver também

• Cruzador desprotegido

Referências

1. Osborne, p. 28; Sandler, p. 53.

Bibliografia

• Author unidentified, "Thirty-First Meeting of the British Association—with extracts from the Address of Mr. Fairbairn at the opening." In The American Journal of Science and Arts, Second Series (New Haven, Connecticut), Vol. XXXII No. XCVI, November 1861. At Google Books. Accessed 13 April 2012.
• Author unidentified, "Warships, Modern." In Encyclopedia Americana (1904), Volume 16, ed. Beach, Frederick Converse and George Edward Rines. At Google Books. Accessed 9 April 2012.
• Andidora, Ronald, Iron Admirals: Naval Leadership in the Twentieth Century (Praeger, 2000). ISBN 0-313-31266-4. Accessed 14 April 2012.
• Baxter, James Phinney, The Introduction of the Ironclad Warship (Classics of Naval Literature) (Harvard University Press, 1933; reprinted with permission by US Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland, 2000). ISBN 1-55750-218-8. Accessed 10 April 2012.
• Beeler, John, Birth of the Battleship: British Capital Ship Design 1870–1881. Caxton, London, 2003. ISBN 1-84067-534-9
• Brown, D.K. (2011). Warrior to Dreadnought: Warship Development, 1860–1905. [S.l.]: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-84832-086-8
• Bidlingmaier, Gerhard (1971). «KM Admiral Graf Spee». Warship Profile 4. Windsor, England: Profile Publications. pp. 73–96. OCLC 20229321
• Breyer, Siegfried (1973). Battleships and Battlecruisers of the World 1905–1970. Alfred Kurti (trans.). London: Macdonal and Jane's. ISBN 0-356-04191-3
• Burr, Lawrence, US Cruisers 1883–1904: The Birth of the Steel Navy (Osprey Publishing, 2008), ISBN 1-84603-267-9. Accessed 11 April 2012.
• Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1979. Accessed 11 April 2012.
• Crabtree, Jerome Bruce, The Passing of Spain and the Ascendency of America (Springfield, Mass.: The King-Richardson Company, 1898). Accessed 14 April 2012.
• Crabtree, Jerome Bruce, The Marvels of Modern Mechanism and Their Relation to Social Betterment (Springfield, Mass.: The King-Richardson Company, 1901). Accessed 9 April 2012.
• Fairbairn, William et al, The Life of Sir William Fairbairn, BART (London: Longmans, Green and Company, 1877), ed. Pole, William FRS. Accessed 13 April 2012.
• Friedman, Norman (1984). U.S. Cruisers: An Illustrated History. [S.l.]: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-715-1
• Friedman, Norman (1985). U.S. Battleships: An Illustrated History. [S.l.]: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-718-6
• Gardiner, Robert; Lambert, Andrew (2001). Steam, Steel and Shellfire: The Steam Warship, 1815–1905. [S.l.]: Book Sales. ISBN 0-7858-1413-2
• Jane's Fighting Ships 1905/6. Arco Publishing Company, Inc. (reprint) 1970.
• Gardiner, Robert; Chesneau, Roger (1980). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships, 1922–1946. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-913-8
• Hovgaard, Commander William, "The Cruiser." In Transactions: The Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, Volume 13 (New York: Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, 1905). Accessed 14 April 2012.]
• Lambert, Nicholas A. (2002). Sir John Fisher's Naval Revolution (Studies in Maritime History). [S.l.]: University of South Carolina Press. ISBN 1-57003-492-3
• Mahan, Alfred Thayer, Naval strategy compared and contrasted with the principles and practice of military operations on land: Lectures delivered at the U.S. Naval war college, Newport, R.I., between the years 1887 and 1911 (University of Michigan Library, 1915). Accessed 14 April 2012.
• Massie, Robert K. (1991). Dreadnought: Britain, Germany and the coming of the great war. [S.l.]: Random House. ISBN 0-394-52833-6
• Massie, Robert K. (2003). Castles of Steel: Britain, Germany, and the Winning of the Great War at Sea. [S.l.]: Random House. ISBN 0-679-45671-6
• Osborne, Eric. W., "Cruisers." In World War I: A Student Encyclopedia, ed. Tucker, Spencer and Priscilla Mary Roberts. Accessed 9 April 2012.
• Osborne, Eric W., Cruisers and Battle Cruisers: An Illustrated History of Their Impact (ABC-CLIO, 2004). ISBN 1-85109-369-9.
• Parkerson, General A. C., ed., How Uncle Sam fights: or, Modern warfare—how conducted (Baltimore: B. H. Woodward Company, 1898). Accessed 9 April 2012.
• Parkes, Oscar (1990). British Battleships. [S.l.]: first published Seeley Service & Co, 1957, published United States Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-075-4
• Parkinson, Roger (2008). The late Victorian Navy: the pre-dreadnought era and the origins of the First World War. [S.l.]: Boydell Press. ISBN 1-84383-372-7
• Preston, Antony (2002). The World's Worst Warships. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-754-6
• Ropp, Theodore, The Development of a Modern Navy: French Naval Policy, 1871–1904 (Naval Institute press, 1987), ed. Roberts, Stephen S. ISBN 0-87021-141-2. Accessed 9 April 2012.
• Sandler, Stanley, Battleships: An Illustrated History of Their Impact (ABC-CLIO, 2004). ISBN 1-85109-410-5. At Google Books. Accessed 10 April 2012.
• Sondhaus, Lawrence (2001). Naval Warfare 1815–1914. London: [s.n.] ISBN 0-415-21478-5
• Stirling, Commander Yates, USN, "Another Argument for Speed in Battleship Design." In Naval Institute Proceedings, Volume 34 (Annapolis, Maryland: United States Naval Institute, 1908). Accessed 13 April 2012.
• Williamson, Gordon (2003). German Pocket Battleships 1939–1945. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-84176-501-5

Este artigo sobre tópicos militares é um esboço. Você pode ajudar a Wikipédia expandindo-o.

• Portal náutico
• Portal da guerra