Proto-punk

Proto-punk (eller «protopunk») er rock spelt av garasjeband^[4] i 1960- og tidleg i 1970-åra som eit føresvarsel på punkrockrørsla.^[5] Merkelappen er danna i ettertid og musikarane innan sjangeren var ikkje opphavleg tilknytt kvarandre, og kom frå forskjellige bakgrunnar og stilartar. Dei delte likevel dei mange av dei musikalske og tematiske eigenskapane som punken seinare hadde.^[5]

Proto-punk
Stilmessig opphav	Garasjerock[1] pub rock[2] rhythm and blues[3]
Kulturelt opphav	1960-åra i USA og Storbritannia
Typiske instrument	Gitar, bass, trommer, vokal, klaverinstrument
Avleidde former	Punkrock Garasjepunk
Andre emne
Acid rock hardrock punkblues rock and roll

Dei fleste musikarane som er klassifiserte som proto-punk er rockeartistar i 1960-åra og tidleg i 1970-åra som garasjerock/kunstrockbanda The Velvet Underground, MC5 og The Stooges,^[5][6] i tillegg til det seinare glamrockbandet New York Dolls.^[7]

Artistar

? and the Mysterians[8] The 101ers[9] 13th Floor Elevators[10] Alice Cooper[11][12] The Bad Seeds[13] Blast[14] Blue Cheer[15] Captain Beefheart[16] The Cavemen[17] The Chocolate Watchband[18] Count Five[19] Crushed Butler[20] Death[21] Debris[22] Destroy All Monsters[10] The Dictators[23]

The Dogs[24] Dr. Feelgood[25] The Droogs[26] Electric Eels[27] Figures of Light[28] Flamin' Groovies[10] The Fugs[29][30] Hawkwind[10] The Hangmen[31] John's Children[32] The Kingsmen[33][34] The Kinks[35][36] MC5[37] The Modern Lovers[38] The Monks[39] Moving Sidewalks[17]

The Music Machine[40] Neu![10] New York Dolls[41] The Night Walkers[10] Pink Fairies[42] The Punks[43] Rocket from the Tombs[44] The Rolling Stones[45] Los Saicos[46] Sam the Sham & the Pharaohs[10] The Seeds[47] Shadows of Knight[48] Simply Saucer[49] Patti Smith[50] Paul Revere & The Raiders[51]

Rocket from the Tombs[52] The Sonics[53] The Spiders from Mars[54] The Standells[55] The Stooges[56] Suicide[57] Television[50] Them[48][58] Third World War[59] The Troggs[60] The Up[61] The Velvet Underground[5] The Wailers[34] Zakary Thaks[10]

Kjelder

• Denne artikkelen bygger på «Proto-punk» frå Wikipedia på engelsk, den 6. mai 2018.
  • Wikipedia på engelsk oppgav desse kjeldene:
• Robb, John (2012). Punk Rock: An Oral History. PM Press. ISBN 978-1-60486-005-4.^{[daud lenkje]}
• Sabin, Roger (2002). Punk Rock: So What?: The Cultural Legacy of Punk. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-69905-6.
• Taylor, Steven (2003). False Prophet: Field Notes from the Punk Underground. Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press. ISBN 0-8195-6668-3.

1. Campbell, Neil (2004). American Youth Cultures. Psychology. s. 213. ISBN 0415971977.
2. Pell, Nicholas (26. januar 2012). «Deathmatch: Which Is Better, Pub Rock or Garage Rock?». LA Weekly. Henta 1. august 2016.
3. Robb 2012, s. 51.
4. Bangs, Lester (1981). «Protopunk: The Garage Bands». I Anthony De Curtis and James Henke. The Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock & Roll (Second utg.). Picador Books. s. 357–361. ISBN 0-679-73728-6.
5. «Proto-Punk». AllMusic. Henta 6. mai 2018.
6. «The Stooges - Biography, Albums, Streaming Links». AllMusic. Henta 6. mai 2018.
7. «New York Dolls - Biography & History». AllMusic. Henta 6. mai 2018.
8. Brackett, David (2000). Interpreting Popular Music. University of California Press.
9. Knowles, Christopher (2010). The Secret History of Rock 'n' Roll. Cleis Press.
10. Folgar, Abel. «Top Twenty Proto-Punk Bands: An Incomplete List». Broward Palm Beach New Times. Henta 6. mai 2018.
11. Abjorensen, Norman (2017). Historical Dictionary of Popular Music. Rowman & Littlefield.
12. Waksman, Steve (2009). This Ain't the Summer of Love: Conflict and Crossover in Heavy Metal and Punk. University of California Press.
13. Bruce Eder. «The Bad Seeds | Biography & History». AllMusic. Henta 6. mai 2018.
14. «Primitive Origins: Blast's “Damned Flame” med “Hope” - Decibel Magazine». decibelmagazine.com. 10. november 2016. Henta 6. mai 2018.
15. McIntyre, Ken. «Cult Heroes: Blue Cheer - the band who invented heavy metal». Team Rock. Henta 15. august 2017.
16. Diehl, Matt (24. september 2013). My So-Called Punk: Green Day, Fall Out Boy, The Distillers, Bad Religion---How Neo-Punk Stage-Dived into the Mainstream. St. Martin's Press. s. 143. ISBN 978-1-4668-5306-5.
17. Perry, Robyn (16. august 2016). «Punk Roots: 1960-åra Garage Rock and Proto/Flower Punk». Cvlt Nation. Henta 6. mai 2018.^{[daud lenkje]}
18. «The Chocolate Watchband - Biography & History - AllMusic». AllMusic. Henta 6. mai 2018.
19. Case, George (2010). Out of Our Heads: Rock 'n' Roll Before the Drugs Wore Off. Hal Leonard Corporation.
20. Strongman, Phil (2008). Pretty Vacant: A History of UK Punk. Chicago Review Press.
21. «Death - Biography, Albums, Streaming Links - AllMusic». AllMusic. Henta 6. mai 2018.
22. «Debris' - Biography & History - AllMusic». AllMusic. Henta 6. mai 2018.
23. «The Dictators - Biography & History - AllMusic». AllMusic. Henta 6. mai 2018.
24. «You No Longer Have to Pay An Ungodly Sum for the Dogs’ 1978 Proto-Punk Record». vice.com. 2. mars 2017. Henta 6. mai 2018.
25. Snow, Mat (2016). The Who: Fifty Years of My Generation. Race Point Publishing.
26. «TrouserPress.com :: Droogs». www.trouserpress.com. Henta 6. mai 2018.
27. Warwick, Kevin (13. april 2017). «In Jaguar Ride, Brian McMahon of the Electric Eels makes the band’s story as defiantly unmarketable as their music». Chicago Reader. Henta 6. mai 2018.
28. «Figures of Light interview - Magazine - Savage». www.savagemagazine.com. Arkivert frå originalen 29. mars 2018. Henta 6. mai 2018.
29. Roberts, Randall (26. september 2015). «L.A. band Wand plugs into retro-futuristic psychedelia; Carole King's City revisited». Los Angeles Times. Henta 6. mai 2018.
30. Felsenthal, Julia. «Give the Gift of Throwback Collectible Zines». Vogue.com.
31. Freed, Benjamin (16. januar 2014). «Windian Records Founder Travis Jackson Killed in Collision». The Washingtonian.
32. «Orgasm: Dig the wild 60s pop art glam rock proto-punk of John’s Children». dangerousminds.net. 5. september 2017. Henta 6. mai 2018.
33. Trynka, Paul (2011). Iggy Pop: Open Up and Bleed. Crown/Archetype.
34. Weingarten, Marc (2000). Station To Station: The Secret History of Rock & Roll on Television. Gallery Books. Henta 6. mai 2018.
35. Phillips, Mark; Chappell, Jon (2012). Guitar For Dummies. John Wiley & Sons.
36. Sharp, Colin (2007). Who killed Martin Hannett?: the story of Factory Records' musical magician. Aurum. Henta 6. mai 2018.
37. O'Hagan, Sean (3. mars 2014). «John Sinclair: 'We wanted to kick ass – and raise consciousness'». The Guardian. Henta 22. juli 2015.
38. «The Modern Lovers | Biography, Albums, Streaming Links». AllMusic. Henta 6. mai 2018.
39. «Watch the Proto-Punk Band The Monks Sow Chaos on German TV, 1966: A Great Concert Moment on YouTube». Openculture.com. Henta 6. mai 2018.
40. Fricke, David (11. september 1986). «The Music Machine: Where Are They Now?». Arkivert frå originalen 29. oktober 2016. Henta 29. oktober 2016.
41. Ward, Ed, Stokes & Geoffrey & Tucker, Ken. ROCK OF AGES: The Rolling Stone History of Rock & Roll. New York: Rolling Stone Press/Summit Books. 1986. (Quoted in Waldrep, Shelton (Ed.)The Seventies: The Age of Glitter in Popular Culture. Routledge. 2013. p131)
42. Spice, Anton. «Proto-punk: 10 records that paved the way for ’76». Vinyl Factory Magazine. Henta 6. mai 2018.
43. «The Punks - s/t A.K.A. «The Most Powerful Music on Earth» 1973». heavy70s.blogspot.co.uk. Arkivert frå originalen 29. mars 2018. Henta 6. mai 2018.
44. «Rocket from the Tombs - Biography & History - AllMusic». AllMusic. Henta 6. mai 2018.
45. Leonard, Candy (2016). Beatleness: How the Beatles and Their Fans Remade the World. Skyhorse Publishing.
46. Kelly, John (2. august 2017). «You’d have to be crazy not to love Los Saicos, proto-punks from 1960-åra Peru». Washington Post.
47. «Prototype Garage Punk Band The Seeds to Have Documentary Screening in Long Beach». Lbpost.com. Henta 6. mai 2018.
48. Dean, Maury (2003). Rock and Roll. Algora Publishing.
49. «Heavy Metalloid Music: The Story of Simply Saucer – Eternal Cavalier Press». www.eternalcavalierpress.com. Arkivert frå originalen 29. mars 2018. Henta 6. mai 2018.
50. Murray, Noel (28. mai 2015). «60 minutes of music that sum up art-punk pioneers Wire». The A.V. Club. Henta 28. oktober 2015.
51. Eddy, Chuck (2011). Rock and Roll Always Forgets: A Quarter Century of Music Criticism. Duke University Press.
52. «The New Rolling Stone Album Guide». Simon and Schuster. 2004. Henta 6. mai 2018.
53. Blecha, Peter. Music in Washington: Seattle and Beyond. Arcadia. 2007. p94
54. Buckley, David (2015). David Bowie: The Music and The Changes. Omnibus.
55. Cogan, Brian (2006). Encyclopedia of Punk Music and Culture. Greenwood Press.
56. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. «The Stooges biography». Allmusic. Henta 15. juli 2015.
57. The Mojo Collection: The Ultimate Music Companion. Canongate. 2007. p394
58. McLeese, Don (2005). MC5's Kick Out the Jams. Bloomsbury Publishing USA.
59. «THIRD WORLD WAR DECLARED (AGAIN)! - Vive Le Rock Magazine». vivelerock.net. Arkivert frå originalen 3. august 2017. Henta 6. mai 2018.
60. Shuker, Roy (2017). Popular Music: The Key Concepts. Taylor & Francis. Henta 6. mai 2018.
61. Jason Ankeny. «The Up | Biography & History». AllMusic. Henta 6. mai 2018.