နိုင်ငံတကာ သဒ္ဒဗေဒအက္ခရာ ဇယား
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
အောက်ပါဇယားတွင် နိုင်ငံတကာ သဒ္ဒဗေဒအက္ခရာများကို ဖော်ပြထားသည်။ ဤအက္ခရာစနစ်သည် နိုင်ငံတကာသဒ္ဒဗေဒအသင်းက တီထွင်၍ ပြုပြင်ထိန်းသိမ်းစောင့်ရှောက်သော စံစနစ်ကျသည့် သဒ္ဒဗေဒသင်္ကေတ (အသံထွက်သင်္ကေတ) များဖြစ်ကြသည်။
တမ်းပလိတ်:IPA pulmonic consonants
တမ်းပလိတ်:IPA non-pulmonic consonants
တမ်းပလိတ်:IPA co-articulated consonants
◌̥ ◌̊ | Voiceless | ◌̤ | Breathy voiced | ◌̪ ◌͆ | Dental |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
◌̬ | Voiced | ◌̰ | Creaky voiced | ◌̺ | Apical |
◌ʰ | Aspirated | ◌̼ | Linguolabial | ◌̻ | Laminal |
◌̹ ◌͗ ◌˒ | More rounded | ◌ʷ | Labialized | ◌̃ | Nasalized |
◌̜ ◌͑ ◌˓ | Less rounded | ◌ʲ | Palatalized | ◌ⁿ | Nasal release |
◌̟ ◌˖ | Advanced | ◌ˠ | Velarized | ◌ˡ | Lateral release |
◌̠ ◌˗ | Retracted | ◌ˤ | Pharyngealized | ◌̚ | No audible release |
◌̈ | Centralized | ◌̴ | Velarized or pharyngealized | ◌ᵊ | Mid central vowel release |
◌̽ | Mid-centralized | ◌̝ ◌˔ | Raised | ◌ᶿ | Voiceless dental fricative release |
◌̩ ◌̍ | Syllabic | ◌̞ ◌˕ | Lowered | ◌ˣ | Voiceless velar fricative release |
◌̯ ◌̑ | Non-syllabic | ◌̘ | Advanced tongue root | ◌ʼ | Ejective |
◌˞ | Rhoticity | ◌̙ | Retracted tongue root | ◌͡◌ ◌͜◌ |
Affricate or double articulation |
ˈ | Primary stress |
---|---|
ˌ | Secondary stress |
ː | Long |
ˑ | Half-long |
◌̆ | Extra-short |
| | Minor (foot) group |
‖ | Major (intonation) group |
. | Syllable break |
‿ | Linking (absence of a break) |
◌̋ | ˥ | Extra-high (top) |
---|---|---|
◌́ | ˦ | High |
◌̄ | ˧ | Mid |
◌̀ | ˨ | Low |
◌̏ | ˩ | Extra-low (bottom) |
ꜜ◌ | Downstep | |
ꜛ◌ | Upstep |
◌̌ | ˩˥ | Rising |
---|---|---|
◌̂ | ˥˩ | Falling |
◌᷄ | ˧˥ | High rising |
◌᷅ | ˩˧ | Low rising |
◌᷇ | ˥˧ | High falling |
◌᷆ | ˧˩ | Low falling |
◌᷈ | ˧˦˨ | Rising–falling |
◌᷉ | ˧˨˦ | Falling–rising |
↗︎ | Global rise | |
↘︎ | Global fall |
[ ] | Phonetic transcription |
---|---|
/ / | Phonemic transcription |
( ) | Indistinguishable utterance |
⸨ ⸩ | Sound obscured |
{ } | Prosodic notation |
တမ်းပလိတ်:IPA navigation