Linus Pauling

Linus Carl Pauling (28 Februari, 1901 – 19 Ogos 1994)^[1] ialah seorang ahli kimia, ahli biokimia, aktivis keamanan, pengarang, pendidik Amerika, dan suami aktivis hak asasi manusia Amerika Ava Helen Pauling. Beliau menerbitkan lebih daripada 1,200 akhbar dan buku, yang mana kira-kira 850 menangani topik saintifik.^[2] New Scientist memanggilnya salah seorang daripada 20 saintis terhebat sepanjang masa,^[3] dan pada tahun 2000, beliau telah diberi nilai saintis yang paling penting ke-16 dalam sejarah.^[4]

Linus Pauling ForMemRS
Kelahiran	Linus Carl Pauling (1901-02-28)28 Februari 1901 Portland, Oregon, A.S.
Meninggal dunia	19 Ogos 1994(1994-08-19) (umur 93) Big Sur, California, A.S.
Pusat pendidikan	Universiti Negeri Oregon (BS) Institut Teknologi California (PhD)
Kerjaya saintifik
Bidang	Kimia kuantum Biokimia
Tesis	The Determination with X-Rays of the Structures of Crystals (1925)
Penasihat kedoktoran	Roscoe Dickinson Richard Tolman
Penasihat akademik yang lain	Arnold Sommerfeld Niels Bohr
Pelajar kedoktoran	Martin Karplus Jerry Donohue Matthew Meselson Edgar Bright Wilson William Lipscomb
Tandatangan
Catatan kaki / rujukan
Satu-satunya orang yang memenangi dua Hadiah Nobel yang tidak dikongsi.

Rujukan

1. Dunitz, J. D. (1996). "Linus Carl Pauling. 28 February 1901–19 August 1994". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 42 (9): 316–326. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1996.0020. PMID 11619334.
2. Pauling, Linus (1997). Pauling, Jr., Linus (penyunting). Selected papers of Linus Pauling (ed. Volume I). River Edge, NJ: World Scientific. m/s. xvii. ISBN 978-9810229399.
3. Horgan, J (1993). "Profile: Linus C. Pauling – Stubbornly Ahead of His Time". Scientific American. 266 (3): 36–40. Bibcode:1993SciAm.266c..36H. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0393-36.
4. Simmons, John (1996). The scientific 100 : a ranking of the most influential scientists, past and present. Secaucus, NY: Carol Publ. Group. ISBN 978-0806517490. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2017-07-09. Dicapai pada 26 May 2015.

Sumber

• Goertzel, Ted; Goertzel, Ben (1995). Linus Pauling: A Life in Science and Politics. Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-00672-4.
• Hager, Thomas (1995). Force of Nature: The Life of Linus Pauling. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-80909-0.
• Hager, Thomas (1998). Linus Pauling and the Chemistry of Life. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-513972-3. Unknown parameter |authormask= ignored (bantuan)
• Marinacci, Barbara; Krishnamurthy, Ramesh (1998). Linus Pauling on Peace. Rising Star Press. ISBN 978-0-933670-03-7.
• Mead, Clifford; Hager, Thomas, penyunting (2001). Linus Pauling: Scientist and Peacemaker. Oregon State University Press. ISBN 978-0-87071-489-4.
• Serafini, Anthony (1989). Linus Pauling: A Man and His Science. Paragon House. ISBN 978-1-55778-440-7.

Bacaan lanjut

• Coffey, Patrick (2008). Cathedrals of Science: The Personalities and Rivalries That Made Modern Chemistry. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-532134-0.
• Davenport, Derek A. (1996). "The Many Lives of Linus Pauling: A Review of Reviews". Journal of Chemical Education. 73 (9): A210. Bibcode:1996JChEd..73..210D. doi:10.1021/ed073pA210. Dicapai pada April 26, 2013.
• Hargittai, István (2000). Hargittai, Magdolna (penyunting). Candid science: conversations with famous chemists (ed. Reprinted). London: Imperial College Press. ISBN 978-1860941511.
• Marinacci, Barbara, penyunting (1995). Linus Pauling: In His Own Words; Selected Writings, Speeches, and Interviews. Introduction by Linus Pauling. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0684813875.
• Sturchio, Jeffrey L. (6 April 1987). Linus C. Pauling, Transcript of an Interview Conducted by Jeffrey L. Sturchio in Denver, Colorado on 6 April 1987 (PDF). Philadelphia, PA: Chemical Heritage Foundation.

Pautan luar

• Linus Pauling Online a Pauling portal created by Oregon State University Libraries
• Crick, Francis, "The Impact of Linus Pauling on Molecular Biology" (transcribed from video at the 1995 Oregon State University symposium) Diarkibkan 2007-10-14 di Wayback Machine
• The Ava Helen and Linus Pauling Papers at the Oregon State University Libraries
• The Pauling Catalogue
• Center for Oral History. "Linus C. Pauling". Science History Institute.
• Sturchio, Jeffrey L. (6 April 1987). Linus C. Pauling, Transcript of an Interview Conducted by Jeffrey L. Sturchio in Denver, Colorado on 6 April 1987 (PDF). Philadelphia, PA: Chemical Heritage Foundation.
• The Pauling Blog
• Linus Pauling (1901–1994)
• Berkeley Conversations With History interview
• Linus Pauling Centenary Exhibit
• Linus Pauling from The Dictionary of Unitarian and Universalist Biography
• "It's in the Blood! A Documentary History of Linus Pauling, Hemoglobin and Sickle Cell Anemia - Special Collections & Archives Research Center - Oregon State University". Oregon State University Library. Dicapai pada 2015-02-25.
• The Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University
• Publications of Pauling
• The Linus Pauling Papers – Profiles in Science, National Library of Medicine
• Linus Pauling^{[pautan mati kekal]} Documentary produced by Oregon Public Broadcasting