Archibald Wavell, Earl Wavell Pertama

Fil Marsyal Archibald Percival Wavell, Earl Wavell Pertama, GCB, GCSI, GCIE, CMG, MC, PC (5 Mei 1883 – 24 Mei 1950) adalah seorang pegawai kanan Tentera Darat British. Beliau berkhidmat dalam Perang Boer Kedua, Kempen Lembah Bazar dan Perang Dunia I, yang mana beliau telah tercedera dalam Pertempuran Ypres Kedua. Beliau kemudian bertugas dalam Perang Dunia II, pada mulanya sebagai Panglima Tertinggi Timur Tengah, di mana peranannya memimpin tentera British hingga menang ke atas Itali di barat Mesir dan timur Libya semasa Operasi Compass pada Disember 1940, hanya dikalahkan oleh Tentera Darat Jerman di Gurun Barat pada April 1941. Beliau merupakan Panglima Tertinggi, India, dari Julai 1941 hingga Jun 1943 (selain dari perkhidmatan singkat sebagai Panglima ABDACOM) dan kemudian berkhidmat sebagai Wizurai India sehingga bersara pada Februari 1947.

Yang Amat Berhormat Fil Marsyal Earl Wavell GCB GCSI GCIE CMG MC PC
Potret Wizurai India Fil Marsyal Sir Archibald Wavell di mejanya pada 1943.
Wizurai dan Gabenor Jeneral India
Dalam jawatan 1 Oktober 1943 – 21 Februari 1947
Raja	George VI
Perdana Menteri	Winston Churchill (1943–45) Clement Attlee (1945–47)
Didahului oleh	Marquess Linlithgow
Digantikan oleh	Viscount Mountbatten dari Burma
Ahli Dewan Pertuanan Lord Temporal
Dalam jawatan 28 Julai 1943 – 24 Mei 1950 Keturunan bangsawan
Didahului oleh	Kebangsawanan diwujudkan
Digantikan oleh	Earl Wavell Ke-2
Maklumat peribadi
Lahir	Archibald Percival Wavell (1883-05-05)5 Mei 1883 Colchester, Essex, England
Mati	24 Mei 1950(1950-05-24) (umur 67) Westminster, London, England
Pertalian	Mengahwini Eugenie Marie Quirk, mendapat seorang anak lelaki dan tiga anak perempuan
Perkhidmatan tentera
Kesetiaan	United Kingdom
Cabang/khidmat	Tentera Darat British
Tahun khidmat	1901–1943
Pangkat	Fil Marsyal
Unit	Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment)
Pangkalan	Markas Amerika-British-Belanda-Australia MK India Markas Timur Tengah Markas Selatan Tentera British di Palestin dan Trans-Jordan Divisyen Ke-2 Briged Ke-6 Infantri
Perang/Pertempuran	Perang Boer Kedua Perang Dunia Pertama Pertempuran Ypres Kedua Kempen Sinai dan Palestin Pemberontakan arab di Palestin Perang Dunia II Kempen Afrika Utara Perang Pasifik
Anugerah tentera	Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire Military Cross Commander of the Legion of Honour (Perancis) Chief Commander of the Legion of Merit (Amerika Syarikat)

Kurniaan darjah kebesaran

Bar reben (seperti yang dilihat hari ini)

British

• Military Cross – 3 June 1915^[1]
• Dipuji Dalam Perutusan 22 June 1915, 4 January 1917, 22 January 1919^[2]
• Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) – 1 January 1919^[3]
• Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB) – 4 March 1941^[4] (KCB: 2 January 1939;^[5] CB: 1 January 1935^[6])
• Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India (GCSI) – 18 September 1943^[7]
• Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire (GCIE) – 18 September 1943^[7]
• Knight of the Order of St. John – 4 January 1944^[8]

Lain-lain

• Order of St Stanislaus, 3rd class with Swords (Rusia) (12 September 1916)^[9]
• Order of St. Vladimir (Rusia) 1917^[2]
• Croix de Guerre (Commandeur) (Perancis) – 4 May 1920^[10]
• Commandeur, Légion d'honneur (Perancis) – 7 May 1920^[11]
• Order of El Nahda, 2nd Class (Hejaz) – 30 September 1920^[12]
• Grand Cross, Order of George I with Swords (Greece) – 9 May 1941^[13]
• Virtuti Militari, 5th Class (Poland) – 23 September 1941^[14]
• War Cross, 1st Class (Greece) – 10 April 1942^[15]
• Commander, Order of the Seal of Solomon (Ethiopia) – 5 May 1942^[16]
• Grand Cross, Order of Orange-Nassau (Belanda) – 15 January 1943^[17]
• War Cross (Czechoslovakia) – 23 July 1943^[18]
• Legion of Merit degree of Chief Commander (Amerika Syarikat) – 23 July 1948^[19]

Penerbitan

Buku

• Tsar Nicholas II by Andrei Georgievich Elchaninov. Translated from the Russian by Archibald Percival Wavell. Hugh Rees. 1913.
• The Tsar and his People by Andrei Georgievich Elchaninov. Translated from the Russian by Archibald P. Wavell. Hugh Rees. 1914.
• The Palestine Campaigns. London: Constable. 1933. OCLC 221723716.
• Allenby, A Study in Greatness: The Biography of Field-Marshal Viscount Allenby of Megiddo and Felixstowe, G.C.B., G.C.M.G. London: Harrap. 1940–43. OCLC 224016319.
• Generals and Generalship: The Lees Knowles Lectures Delivered at Trinity College, Cambridge in 1939. London: Times. 1941. OCLC 5176549.
• Soldiers and Soldiering or Epithets of War. London: J. Cape. 1953. OCLC 123277730.
• Other Men's Flowers: An Anthology of Poetry. London: J. Cape. 1977 [1944]. OCLC 10681637.
• Other Men's Flowers: An Anthology of Poetry (ed. Memorial). London: Pimlico. 1992 [1952].; "this first paperback edition contains not only Lord Wavell's own introduction and annotations, but also the introduction written by his son, to whom the book was originally dedicated".
• Allenby, Soldier and Statesman. London: White Lion. 1974 [1946]. ISBN 0-85617-408-4.
• Speaking Generally: broadcasts, Orders and Addresses in time of war (1939–43). London: Macmillan. 1946. OCLC 2172221.
• The Good Soldier. London: Macmillan. 1948. OCLC 6834669.
• Wavell: The Viceroy's Journal. London: Oxford University Press. 1973. ISBN 0-19-211723-8.

Sumbangan pada terbitan berkala

• Official Middle East Despatches December 1940 to February 1941 published in "No. 37628". The London Gazette (Supplement). 25 June 1946. m/s. 3261–3269.
• Official Middle East Despatches February 1941 to July 1941 published in "No. 37638". The London Gazette (Supplement). 2 July 1946. m/s. 3423–3444.
• Official Iran, Iraq and Syria Despatches April 1941 to January 1942 published in "No. 37685". The London Gazette (Supplement). 13 August 1946. m/s. 4093–4101.
• Official India Despatches March 1942 to December 1942 published in "No. 37728". The London Gazette (Supplement). 17 September 1946. m/s. 4663–4671.

Petikan

1. "No. 29202". The London Gazette (Supplement). 22 June 1915. m/s. 6118.
2. "Archibald Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell". Unit histories. Dicapai pada 11 May 2013.
4. "No. 35094". The London Gazette. 4 March 1941. m/s. 1303.
5. "No. 34585". The London Gazette (Supplement). 30 December 1938. m/s. 3.
6. "No. 34119". The London Gazette (Supplement). 28 December 1934. m/s. 4.
7. "No. 36208". The London Gazette. 12 October 1943. m/s. 4513.
8. "No. 36315". The London Gazette. 4 January 1944. m/s. 114.
9. "No. 29945". The London Gazette (Supplement). 13 August 1917. m/s. 1601.
10. "No. 31890". The London Gazette (Supplement). 4 May 1920. m/s. 5228.
11. "No. 31890". The London Gazette (Supplement). 7 May 1920. m/s. 5228.
12. "No. 32069". The London Gazette (Supplement). 28 September 1920. m/s. 9606.
13. "No. 35157". The London Gazette (Supplement). 9 May 1941. m/s. 2648.
14. "No. 35282". The London Gazette (Supplement). 23 September 1941. m/s. 5501.
15. "No. 35519". The London Gazette (Supplement). 7 April 1942. m/s. 1595.
16. "No. 35546". The London Gazette (Supplement). 5 May 1942. m/s. 1961.
17. "No. 35863". The London Gazette (Supplement). 12 January 1943. m/s. 323.
18. "No. 36103". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 July 1943. m/s. 3319.
19. "No. 38359". The London Gazette (Supplement). 23 July 1948. m/s. 4189.

Sumber

• Allen, Louis (1984). Burma: The Longest War. J. M. Dent and Sons. ISBN 0-460-02474-4.
• Auchinleck, Claude (1946). Despatch on Operations in the Middle East From 5 July 1941 to 31 October 1941. London: War Office. in "No. 37695". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 August 1946. m/s. 4215–4230.
• Axelrod, Alan (2008). The Real History of World War II. Sterling Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4027-4090-9.
• Close, H. M. (1997). Attlee, Wavell, Mountbatten, and the transfer of power. National Book Foundation.
• Connell, John (1 January 1964). Wavell, Scholar and Soldier. Collins.
• Connell, John (1 April 1969). Wavell, Supreme Commander. Collins. ISBN 978-0002119207.
• Fort, Adrian. Archibald Wavell: The Life and Death of the Imperial Servant (2009)
• Frame, Alex (2008). Flying Boats: My Father's War in the Mediterranean. Victoria University Press. ISBN 978-0864735621.
• Heathcote, Tony (1999). The British Field Marshals 1736–1997. Barnsley: Pen & Sword. ISBN 0-85052-696-5.
• Glynn, Irial (2007). An Untouchable in the Presence of Brahmins’ Lord Wavell's Disastrous Relationship with Whitehall During His Time as Viceroy to India, 1943–7. Modern Asian Studies. m/s. 639–663.
• Houterman, Hans; Koppes, Jeroen. "World War II unit histories and officers". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 3 December 2008. Dicapai pada 20 December 2008. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (bantuan)
• Mead, Richard (2007). Churchill's Lions: A Biographical guide to the Key British Generals of World War II. Stroud: Spellmount. ISBN 978-1-86227-431-0.
• Pagden, Anthony (2008). Worlds at War: The 2,500-year Struggle between East and West. Oxford University Press US. ISBN 978-0-19-923743-2.
• Playfair, Major-General I. S. O.; with Flynn, Captain F. C. (RN); Molony, Brigadier C. J. C.; Gleave, Group Captain T. P. (2009) [1st. pub. HMSO:1954]. Butler, Sir James (penyunting). The Mediterranean and Middle East: The Early Successes Against Italy, to May 1941. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. I. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-84574-065-3. Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (bantuan)
• Raugh, Harold E., Jr. (2013). Wavell in the Middle East, 1939–1941: A Study in Generalship. University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 978-0806143057.
• Schofield, Victoria (2006). Wavell: Soldier and Statesman. London: John Murray. ISBN 978-0-71956-320-1.
• Wavell, Archibald Percival Wavell (1973). Wavell: The Viceroy's Journal. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0192117236.

Pautan luar

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• British Army Officers 1939−1945
• Generals of World War II
• Petikan akbar mengenai Archibald Wavell, Earl Wavell Pertama di 20th Century Press Archives daripada ZBW

Pegawai tentera
Didahului oleh Henry Jackson	Panglima Divisyen Ke-2 1935–1937	Diikuti oleh: Henry Maitland Wilson
Didahului oleh Sir John Dill	Panglima Tentera British di Palestin dan Trans-Jordan 1937–1938	Diikuti oleh: Robert Haining
Didahului oleh Sir John Burnett-Stuart	Panglima Markas Selatan 1938–1939	Diikuti oleh: Sir Alan Brooke
Gelaran baharu	Panglima Tertinggi Markas Timur Tengah 1939–1941	Diikuti oleh: Sir Claude Auchinleck
Didahului oleh Sir Claude Auchinleck	Panglima Tertinggi, India 1941–1942	Diikuti oleh: Sir Alan Hartley
Didahului oleh Sir Alan Hartley	Panglima Tertinggi, India 1942–1943	Diikuti oleh: Sir Claude Auchinleck
Pejabat-pejabat kerajaan
Didahului oleh Marquess Linlithgow	Wizurai India 1943–1947	Diikuti oleh: Viscount Mountbatten dari Burma
Gelaran Kehormat
Didahului oleh Lord Chetwode	Konstabel Menara London 1948–1950	Diikuti oleh: Viscount Alanbrooke
Didahului oleh Duke Wellington	Lord Lieutenant Daerah London 1949–1950	Diikuti oleh: Viscount Alanbrooke
Bangsawan United Kingdom
Ciptaan baharu	Earl Wavell 1947–1950	Diikuti oleh: Archibald Wavell
	Viscount Keren 1947–1950
Ciptaan baharu	Viscount Wavell 1943–1950