Budapest

Budapest adolah ibu kota jo kota tapadek di Hungaria nan talatak di tangah Cekungan Pannonia sarato jalur kuno nan mahubuangan pabukitan Transdanubia jo Daratan Gadang. Iko marupokan kota tagadang kasambilan di Uni Eropa badasarkan jumlah panduduak.^[1][2][3] Panduduaknyo bajumlah 1.685.342 jiwa manuruik hasia sensus tahun 2022, nan macakuik 33% panduduak nagara.^[4]

Panorama kota

Sijarah Budapest dimulai katiko pamukiman Kelt awal barubah manjadi kota Romawi Aquincum,^[5] ibu kota Pannonia Bawah.^[6] Banso Hungaria tibo di wilayah tu pado akhia abaik ka-9,^[7] namun wilayah tu dijarah dek Banso Mongol pado tahun 1241–1242. Kota nan banamo Buda dibangun baliak, bakambang manjadi salah ciek pusek kabudayaan Humanisme Renaisans pado abaik ka-15.^[8][9][10] Kamudian wilayah tu barado di bawah kuaso Utsmaniyah salamo hampia 150 tahun.^[11] Pado 17 November 1873, wilayah Buda, Óbuda jo Pest digabuang manjadi Budapest, nan manjadi ibu kota nagara.^[12][13]

Rujuakan

1. Bachmann, Helena. Time. Diarsipan dari nan asli pada 9 Oktober 2008. https://web.archive.org/web/20081009060314/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,901020325-218419,00.html.
2. Taşan-Kok, Tuna (2004). Budapest, Istanbul and Warsaw: Institutional and spatial change. Eburon Uitgeverij. p. 41. ISBN 978-90-5972-041-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=gssYJXHQO7gC&pg=PA41. Diakses pado 21 Mai 2013.
3. Meer, Jan van der; Carvalho, Luis; Berg, Professor Leo van den (28 May 2014). Cities as Engines of Sustainable Competitiveness: European Urban Policy in Practice. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. ISBN 978-1-4724-2704-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=LD1zAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA123.
4. "22.1.2.1. Resident population by sex, county and region, 1 January (annual series)". www.ksh.hu. Hungarian Central Statistical Office (KSH). 31 August 2023. Diakses tanggal 6 March 2024.
5. Sugar, Peter F.; Péter Hanák; Tibor Frank (1990). "Hungary before the Hungarian Conquest". A History of Hungary. Indiana University Press. p. 3. ISBN 0-253-20867-X. https://books.google.com/books?id=SKwmGQCT0MAC.
6. "Aquincum". Encyclopædia Britannica. 12 Nopember 2008. https://www.britannica.com/place/Aquincum.
7. "Budapest". Travel Channel. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 9 October 2008. Diakses tanggal 22 May 2008. Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
8. Drake, Miriam A. (2003). "Eastern Europe, England and Spain". Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science. CRC Press. pp. 2498. ISBN 0-8247-2080-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=w1Xtjiyh9XYC&pg=PA2494. Diakses pado 22 Mai 2008.
9. Casmir, Fred L. (1995). "Hungarian culture in communication". Communication in Eastern Europe: The Role of History, Culture, and media in contemporary conflicts. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. p. 122. ISBN 0-8058-1625-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=be2UW6NyposC&pg=PA115. Diakses pado 21 Mai 2008.^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}
10. Nagy, Balázs; Rady, Martyn; Szende, Katalin; Vadas, András (2016). Medieval Buda in Context. Leiden, Boston: Brill. ISBN 9789004307674. OCLC 1030542604.
11. Molnar, A Concise History of Hungary, Chronology pp. 15
12. Török, András. "Budapest". Encarta. http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572648/Budapest.html. Diakses pado 6 April 2008.^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}
13. Molnar, A Concise History of Hungary, Chronology pp. 15.