Nucleotidum

Nucleotida sunt moleculae organicae primae acidorum nucleicorum, sit ADN aut ARN, inter se congregantes millenis et millenis earum, partibus tribus confecta: pentosum, acidum phosphoricum, et unum tantum horum: adeninum (A), guaninum (G), cytosinum (C), thyminum (T), uracilum (U). Etiam, viis metabolicis sat prosunt, ut conditoria energetica adhibita, verbi gratia ATP, aut in signis cellularibus iuvantia.

-2 Latinitas huius rei dubia est. Corrige si potes. Vide {{latinitas}}.

Nucleotidum cum grege phosphati (sinistra), deoxyriboso (in medio), adenino basi (dextra et supra).

Structura nucleotidorum

Structura nucleotidorum.

Nucleobases

In natura imprimis quinque nucleobases inveniuntur, ex quibus intra ADN quattuor quinque inveniuntur: guaninum, adeninum, cytosinum, thyminum. Nuper synthesis ADN Hachimojiensis (ADN octonarii) dicti, ADN ex nucleobasibus naturalibus communiter cum adhuc incognitis nucleobasibus constitutum, isoguanino enim et 6-amino-5-nitropyridino-2-olo et 1-methylocytosino et 2-aminoimidazo[1,2-a][1,3,5]triazino-4(1H)-ono (dS)^[1]), consecuta est.^[2]

Nucleobases naturales

• 
  Guaninum (G)
• 
  Adeninum (A)
• 
  Cytosinum (C)
• 
  Thyminum (T)
• 
  Uracilum (U)

Nucleobases ADN Hachimojiensis

• 
  Isoguaninum (B)
• 
  6-amino-5-nitropyridino-2-olum (P)
• 
  6-amino-5-nitropyridino-2-olum (Z)
• 
  1-methylocytosinum (dS)

Nexus interni

• Adenosinum triphosphoricum
• ADN
• Basis nucleici acidi
• Genetica
• Genum

Notae

1. in ARN: isocytosinum (rS)
2. Hoshika S., Leal N. A., Kim M. J., Kim M. S., Karalkar N. B., Kim H. J., Bates A. M., Watkins N. E. Jr., SantaLucia H. A., Meyer A. J., et al. (2019). "Hachimoji DNA and RNA: A genetic system with eight building blocks". Science 363 (6429): 884-87 .