Amessis

Amessis^[1] vel nomine Aegyptio Hatshepsut (Aegyptiace ḥ3.t-šps.wt 'praestans e dominis nobilibus', 1507–1458 a.C.n.) fuit quintus domus duodevicensimae Aegypti pharao. Quae erat secundus pharao muliebris historice confirmata; prima fuerat Sobekneferu.^[2][3] Hatshepsut regnum recepit anno 1478 a.C.n.; communiter autem cum Thutmose III publice rexit, qui anno priore regnum receperat, puer circa duo annos natus. Hatshepsut fuit principalis uxor Thutmose II, patris Thutmosis III. Aegyptologi eam plerumque censent unum e prosperrimis pharaonibus fuisse, quae diutius quam ulla domus Aegyptiae indigenae mulier alia regnavit. Secundum Iacobum Henricum Breasted, ea etiam appellatur "prima magna mulier historica de qua docemur."^[4][5]

Statua Hatshepsut in Museo Artis Metropolitano exhibita.

Djerser.Djeseru. Templum funereum Hatshepsut.

Magna sphinx e granite sculpta similitudinem Hatshepsut fert, traditionalem barbam falsam gerens, signum eius potestatis pharaonicae. Museum Artis Metropolitanum.

Notae

1. "(...) του δε άδελφή Άμεσσις είκοσιεν και μήνας εννέα." "deinde soror eius Amessis (regnavit) 21 annos et 9 menses" apud fragmenta Manethonis.
2. Wilkinson 2010: 181, 230
3. Aliae mulieres pharaones rexerunt vel saltem regentes fuerunt, quarum una fuit Neithhotep circa annorum 1600 antea.
4. Anglice: "the first great woman in history of whom we are informed."
5. Queen Hatshepsut (1500 BCE), nbufront.org.

Bibliographia

• Aldred, Cyril. 1952. The Development of Ancient Egyptian Art from 3200 to 1315 BC. Londinii: A. Tiranti.
• Brown, Chip. 2009. The King Herself. National Geographic, Aprilis: 88–111.
• Edgerton, William F. 1933. The Thutmosid Succession. Sicagi: University of Chicago Press.
• Fairman, H. W., et B. Grdseloff. 1947. Texts of Hatshepsut and Sethos I inside Speos Artemidos. Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 33: 12–33. doi:10.2307/3855434.
• Fakhry, Ahmed. 1939. A new speos from the reign of Hatshepsut and Thutmosis III at Beni-Hasan. Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte 39: 709–23.
• Gardiner, Alan Henderson. 1946. Davies's copy of the great Speos Artemidos inscription. Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 32: 43–56. doi:10.2307/3855414.
• Gardiner, Sir Alan. 1961. Egypt of the Pharaohs. Oxoniae: Clarendon Press, Oxford University Press.
• Harbin, Michael A. 2005. The Promise and the Blessing: A Historical Survey of the Old and New Testaments. Grand Rapids Michiganiae: Zondervan. ISBN 0310240379.
• Hayes, William C. 1973. Egypt: Internal Affairs from Thuthmosis I to the Death of Amenophis III. Cambridge Ancient History: History of the Middle East and the Aegean Region, c. 1800–1380 BC. Ed. tertia. Londinii: Cambridge University Press.
• Maspero, Gaston. 1903–1906. History of Egypt, Chaldea, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria. Londinii: Grolier Society.
• Nadig, Peter. 2014. Hatschepsut. Moguntiaci: von Zabern. ISBN 9783805347631.
• Nims, Charles F. 1965. Thebes of the Pharaohs: Pattern for Every City. Novi Eboraci: Stein and Day.
• Redford, Donald B. 1967. History and Chronology of the 18th dynasty of Egypt: Seven studies. Toronti: University of Toronto Press.
• Shaw, Ian, ed. 2002. The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0192802933.
• Tyldesley, Joyce. 1996. Hatchepsut: The Female Pharaoh. Londinii: Viking. ISBN 0670859761.
• Wells, Evelyn. 1969. Hatshepsut. Garden City Novi Eboraci: Doubleday.
• Roehrig, Catharine H., Renée Dreyfus, et Cathleen A. Keller, eds. 2005. Hatshepsut: From Queen to Pharaoh. Novi Eboraci: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN 1588391728.
• Wilkinson, Toby. 2010. The Rise and Fall of Ancient Egypt. Bloomsbury. ISBN 9781408810026.
• Wilson, John A. 1951. The Burden of Egypt. Sicagi: University of Chicago Press.

Antecessor: Thutmosis II

Pharao 1479-1458

Successor: Thutmosis III