Caffeinum est stimulanssystematis nervosi centralisclassis chemicaemethylxanthinorum.[1]Amplificationicognitivae prodest, alacritatem animique attentionem augens.[2][3] Caffeinum prohibet ne adenosinum se ad adenosinum A1 liget, quod vicissim acetylcholinumneurotransmissoris liberandum auget.[4] "Caffeino est forma spatii dimensionum trium illi adenosini similis,"[5] per quam eius receptores ligat et coercet.[6] Caffeinum gradus cyclici monophosphatis adenosini per phosphodiesterasem non diserte inhibendam auget.[7]
Forma caffeini in spatio dimensionum duarum.
Historia
Forma caffeini in spatio dimensionum trium.Petrus Iosephus Pelletier.
Friedlieb Ferdinandus Runge, chemicusGermanicus, caffeinum aliquantulum purum primum anno 1819 secrevit, quod Kaffebase appellavit (h.e., unam ex basibus quae in coffea insunt).[8] Secundum Runge, sic agebat, Ioanne Volfgangio Goethio rogante.[9][10][11] Caffeinum anno 1821 iterum secretum est a Petro Ioanne Robiquet chemico Francico et separatim a Petro Iosepho Pelletier et Iosepho Beneamato Caventou, binis chemicis Francicis, ut Ioannes Iacobus Berzelius chemicus Suecicus in suo diario annuo commemoravit. Praeterea, Berzelius dixit chemicos Francicos caffeinum invenisse quamquam opera Rungiana et opera inter se nescirent.[12]
"Caffeine and the central nervous system: mechanisms of action, biochemical, metabolic and psychostimulant effects".Brain Research. Brain Research Reviews17(2): 139–70.1992.
"Acute effects of tea constituents L-theanine, caffeine, and epigallocatechin gallate on cognitive function and mood: a systematic review and meta-analysis".Nutrition Reviews72(8): 507–22.Augustus 2014.
"Caffeine enhances acetylcholine release in the hippocampus in vivo by a selective interaction with adenosine A1 receptors".The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics273(2): 637–42.Maius 1995
[(Textus apud Google Books) Neueste phytochemische Entdeckungen zur Begründung einer wissenschaftlichen Phytochemie].Berolini:G. Reimer.1820.pp.144–59.
Ioannes Volfgangus Goethius, Goethes Gespräche, vol. 10: Nachträge, 1755–1832, ed. F. W. von Biedermann (Lipsiae: F. W. v. Biedermann, 1896), pp. 89–96; vide praecipue (Textus apud Google Books) paginam 95.
[(Textus apud Google Books) Jahres-Bericht über die Fortschritte der physischen Wissenschaften von Jacob Berzelius].4.1825.
Bibliographia
Bersten, I. 1999. Coffee, Sex & Health: A history of anti-coffee crusaders and sexual hysteria. Sydneii: Helian Books. ISBN 978-0-9577581-0-0.
Carpenter, M. 2015. Caffeinated: How Our Daily Habit Helps, Hurts, and Hooks Us. Plume. ISBN 978-0142181805.
Gilbert, Richard M. 1986. Caffeine, the most popular stimulant. Praefatio Jack Mendelson et Nancy Mello. Novi Eboraci: Chelsea House Publishers. ISBN 0877547564.
Gupta, B. S., et Uma Gupta. 1999. Caffeine and behavior: current views and research trends. Boca Raton in Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 0849311667.
Kushner, Marina. 2006. The truth about caffeine: how companies that promote it deceive us and what we can do about it. Royersford in Pennsylvania: SCR Books. ISBN 9780974758213, 0974758213.
Pendergrast, M. (1999) 2001. Uncommon Grounds: The History of Coffee and How It Transformed Our World. Londinii: Texere. ISBN 978-1-58799-088-5.
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