歯根膜炎

歯根膜炎（しこんまくえん）は歯根膜、すなわち歯根とその周囲の歯槽骨の間にあるきわめて狭い隙間を満たしている結合組織の炎症である^[1]。

歯根膜炎は、C反応性タンパク質とインターロイキン-6のレベルの上昇によって示されるように、体内の炎症の増加 ^[2] ^[3] ^[4] ^[5]^[6] ^[7]心筋梗塞、 ^[8]アテローム性動脈硬化症^[9] ^[10] ^[11] ^[12] ^[13] ^[14] ^[15]および高血圧のリスク増加と関連している ^[16]。また、60歳以上の人では、記憶力と計算能力の遅延に関連していたが ^[17] ^[18]空腹時血糖異常および糖尿病患者は歯周炎の程度が高く、歯周炎によって一定引き起こされる全身性炎症状態のために血糖値のバランスをとることが困難なことが顕著で ^[19] ^[20]因果関係は証明されていないが、慢性歯周炎と勃起不全 ^[21]炎症性腸疾患 ^[22]心臓病 ^[23]および膵臓癌と関連が疑われている ^[24]

[1]
“Gum Disease”. National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (February 2018). 13 March 2018閲覧。
[2]
“Periodontitis and systemic inflammation: control of the local infection is associated with a reduction in serum inflammatory markers”. Journal of Dental Research 83 (2): 156–60. (February 2004). doi:10.1177/154405910408300214. PMID 14742655.
[3]
“Severe periodontitis is associated with systemic inflammation and a dysmetabolic status: a case-control study”. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 34 (11): 931–7. (November 2007). doi:10.1111/j.1600-051X.2007.01133.x. PMID 17877746.
[4]
“A systematic review and meta-analyses on C-reactive protein in relation to periodontitis”. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 35 (4): 277–90. (April 2008). doi:10.1111/j.1600-051X.2007.01173.x. PMID 18294231.
[5]
“Periodontal disease and C-reactive protein-associated cardiovascular risk”. Journal of Periodontal Research 39 (4): 236–41. (August 2004). doi:10.1111/j.1600-0765.2004.00731.x. PMID 15206916.
[6]
“Systemic exposure to Porphyromonas gingivalis predicts incident stroke”. Atherosclerosis 193 (1): 222–8. (July 2007). doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.06.027. PMID 16872615.
[7]
“Antibodies to periodontal pathogens and stroke risk”. Stroke 35 (9): 2020–3. (September 2004). doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000136148.29490.fe. PMID 15232116.
[8]
“High serum antibody levels to Porphyromonas gingivalis predict myocardial infarction”. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation 11 (5): 408–11. (October 2004). doi:10.1097/01.hjr.0000129745.38217.39. PMID 15616414.
[9]
“Anti-P. gingivalis response correlates with atherosclerosis”. Journal of Dental Research 86 (1): 35–40. (January 2007). doi:10.1177/154405910708600105. PMID 17189460.
[10]
“Periodontal disease and coronary heart disease: a reappraisal of the exposure”. Circulation 112 (1): 19–24. (July 2005). doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.511998. PMID 15983248.
[11]
“Associations between periodontal disease and risk for atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, and stroke. A systematic review”. Annals of Periodontology 8 (1): 38–53. (December 2003). doi:10.1902/annals.2003.8.1.38. PMID 14971247.
[12]
“Periodontal disease and risk of cerebrovascular disease: the first national health and nutrition examination survey and its follow-up study”. Archives of Internal Medicine 160 (18): 2749–55. (October 2000). doi:10.1001/archinte.160.18.2749. PMID 11025784.
[13]
“Relationship of periodontal disease to carotid artery intima-media wall thickness: the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study”. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 21 (11): 1816–22. (November 2001). doi:10.1161/hq1101.097803. PMID 11701471.
[14]
“Relationship of periodontal disease and tooth loss to prevalence of coronary heart disease”. Journal of Periodontology 75 (6): 782–90. (June 2004). doi:10.1902/jop.2004.75.6.782. PMID 15295942.
[15]
“Periodontal disease and coronary heart disease incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis”. Journal of General Internal Medicine 23 (12): 2079–86. (December 2008). doi:10.1007/s11606-008-0787-6. PMC 2596495. PMID 18807098.
[16]
“Association between periodontitis and arterial hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis”. American Heart Journal 180: 98–112. (October 2016). doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2016.07.018. PMID 27659888.
[17]
“Periodontitis is associated with cognitive impairment among older adults: analysis of NHANES-III”. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 80 (11): 1206–11. (November 2009). doi:10.1136/jnnp.2009.174029. PMC 3073380. PMID 19419981.
[18]
“Tooth loss and periodontal disease predict poor cognitive function in older men”. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 58 (4): 713–8. (April 2010). doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.02788.x. PMC 3649065. PMID 20398152.
[19]
“Periodontal disease might be associated even with impaired fasting glucose”. British Dental Journal 208 (10): E20. (May 2010). doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.2010.291. PMID 20339371.
[20]
“The relationship between periodontal diseases and diabetes: an overview”. Annals of Periodontology 6 (1): 91–8. (December 2001). doi:10.1902/annals.2001.6.1.91. PMID 11887477.
[21]
“Erectile dysfunction might be associated with chronic periodontal disease: two ends of the cardiovascular spectrum”. The Journal of Sexual Medicine 6 (4): 1111–1116. (April 2009). doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.01141.x. PMID 19170861.
[22]
Poyato-Borrego, M.; Segura-Egea, J.-J.; Martín-González, J.; Jiménez-Sánchez, M.-C.; Cabanillas-Balsera, D.; Areal-Quecuty, V.; Segura-Sampedro, J.-J. (27 August 2020). “Prevalence of endodontic infection in patients with Crohn´s disease and ulcerative colitis”. Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal. doi:10.4317/medoral.24135. ISSN 1698-6946. PMID 32851982.
[23]
Perk, J.; De Backer, G.; Gohlke, H.; Graham, I.; Reiner, Z.; Verschuren, M. (3 May 2012). “European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR)”. European Heart Journal 33 (13): 1635–1701. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092. PMID 22555213.
[24]
Michaud, Dominique S.; Izard, Jacques (2014). “Microbiota, Oral Microbiome, and Pancreatic Cancer”. The Cancer Journal 20 (3): 203–206. doi:10.1097/PPO.0000000000000046. PMC 4160879. PMID 24855008.

ポータル医学と医療

カナダ歯周病学会—歯周炎とは何ですか？

歯周病

この項目は、医学に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（プロジェクト:医学／Portal:医学と医療）。

[NIH2018-1] [1]
“Gum Disease”. National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (February 2018). 13 March 2018閲覧。

[2] [2]
“Periodontitis and systemic inflammation: control of the local infection is associated with a reduction in serum inflammatory markers”. Journal of Dental Research 83 (2): 156–60. (February 2004). doi:10.1177/154405910408300214. PMID 14742655.

[3] [3]
“Severe periodontitis is associated with systemic inflammation and a dysmetabolic status: a case-control study”. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 34 (11): 931–7. (November 2007). doi:10.1111/j.1600-051X.2007.01133.x. PMID 17877746.

[4] [4]
“A systematic review and meta-analyses on C-reactive protein in relation to periodontitis”. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 35 (4): 277–90. (April 2008). doi:10.1111/j.1600-051X.2007.01173.x. PMID 18294231.

[5] [5]
“Periodontal disease and C-reactive protein-associated cardiovascular risk”. Journal of Periodontal Research 39 (4): 236–41. (August 2004). doi:10.1111/j.1600-0765.2004.00731.x. PMID 15206916.

[6] [6]
“Systemic exposure to Porphyromonas gingivalis predicts incident stroke”. Atherosclerosis 193 (1): 222–8. (July 2007). doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.06.027. PMID 16872615.

[7] [7]
“Antibodies to periodontal pathogens and stroke risk”. Stroke 35 (9): 2020–3. (September 2004). doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000136148.29490.fe. PMID 15232116.

[8] [8]
“High serum antibody levels to Porphyromonas gingivalis predict myocardial infarction”. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation 11 (5): 408–11. (October 2004). doi:10.1097/01.hjr.0000129745.38217.39. PMID 15616414.

[9] [9]
“Anti-P. gingivalis response correlates with atherosclerosis”. Journal of Dental Research 86 (1): 35–40. (January 2007). doi:10.1177/154405910708600105. PMID 17189460.

[10] [10]
“Periodontal disease and coronary heart disease: a reappraisal of the exposure”. Circulation 112 (1): 19–24. (July 2005). doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.511998. PMID 15983248.

[11] [11]
“Associations between periodontal disease and risk for atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, and stroke. A systematic review”. Annals of Periodontology 8 (1): 38–53. (December 2003). doi:10.1902/annals.2003.8.1.38. PMID 14971247.

[12] [12]
“Periodontal disease and risk of cerebrovascular disease: the first national health and nutrition examination survey and its follow-up study”. Archives of Internal Medicine 160 (18): 2749–55. (October 2000). doi:10.1001/archinte.160.18.2749. PMID 11025784.

[13] [13]
“Relationship of periodontal disease to carotid artery intima-media wall thickness: the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study”. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 21 (11): 1816–22. (November 2001). doi:10.1161/hq1101.097803. PMID 11701471.

[14] [14]
“Relationship of periodontal disease and tooth loss to prevalence of coronary heart disease”. Journal of Periodontology 75 (6): 782–90. (June 2004). doi:10.1902/jop.2004.75.6.782. PMID 15295942.

[15] [15]
“Periodontal disease and coronary heart disease incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis”. Journal of General Internal Medicine 23 (12): 2079–86. (December 2008). doi:10.1007/s11606-008-0787-6. PMC 2596495. PMID 18807098.

[16] [16]
“Association between periodontitis and arterial hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis”. American Heart Journal 180: 98–112. (October 2016). doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2016.07.018. PMID 27659888.

[17] [17]
“Periodontitis is associated with cognitive impairment among older adults: analysis of NHANES-III”. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 80 (11): 1206–11. (November 2009). doi:10.1136/jnnp.2009.174029. PMC 3073380. PMID 19419981.

[18] [18]
“Tooth loss and periodontal disease predict poor cognitive function in older men”. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 58 (4): 713–8. (April 2010). doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.02788.x. PMC 3649065. PMID 20398152.

[glucose-19] [19]
“Periodontal disease might be associated even with impaired fasting glucose”. British Dental Journal 208 (10): E20. (May 2010). doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.2010.291. PMID 20339371.

[DM-20] [20]
“The relationship between periodontal diseases and diabetes: an overview”. Annals of Periodontology 6 (1): 91–8. (December 2001). doi:10.1902/annals.2001.6.1.91. PMID 11887477.

[ED-21] [21]
“Erectile dysfunction might be associated with chronic periodontal disease: two ends of the cardiovascular spectrum”. The Journal of Sexual Medicine 6 (4): 1111–1116. (April 2009). doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.01141.x. PMID 19170861.

[22] [22]
Poyato-Borrego, M.; Segura-Egea, J.-J.; Martín-González, J.; Jiménez-Sánchez, M.-C.; Cabanillas-Balsera, D.; Areal-Quecuty, V.; Segura-Sampedro, J.-J. (27 August 2020). “Prevalence of endodontic infection in patients with Crohn´s disease and ulcerative colitis”. Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal. doi:10.4317/medoral.24135. ISSN 1698-6946. PMID 32851982.

[23] [23]
Perk, J.; De Backer, G.; Gohlke, H.; Graham, I.; Reiner, Z.; Verschuren, M. (3 May 2012). “European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR)”. European Heart Journal 33 (13): 1635–1701. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092. PMID 22555213.

[24] [24]
Michaud, Dominique S.; Izard, Jacques (2014). “Microbiota, Oral Microbiome, and Pancreatic Cancer”. The Cancer Journal 20 (3): 203–206. doi:10.1097/PPO.0000000000000046. PMC 4160879. PMID 24855008.

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歯根膜炎

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