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Classe chimica | Gruppo | Formula | Formula di struttura | Prefisso | Suffisso | Esempio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alogenuro acilico | Aloformile | RCOX | ![]() |
aloformil- | alogenuro di ...-oile | ![]() Cloruro d'acetile |
Alcol | Ossidrile | ROH | ![]() |
idrossi- | -olo | ![]() Metanolo |
Aldeide | Aldeide | RCHO | ![]() |
oxo- | -al | ![]() Acetaldeide |
Alcano | Alchile | RH | ![]() |
alchil- | -ano | ![]() Metano |
Alchene | Alchenile | R2C=CR2 | alchenil- | -ene | ![]() Etilene |
|
Alchino | Alchinile | RC≡CR' | ![]() |
alchinil- | -ino | ![]() Acetilene |
Ammide | Carbossammide | RCONR2 | ![]() |
carbossammido- | -amide | ![]() Acetammide |
Ammine | Ammina primaria | RNH2 | ![]() |
ammino- | -ammina | ![]() Metilammina |
Ammina secondaria | R2NH | ![]() |
ammino- | -ammina | ![]() Dimetilammina |
|
Ammina terziaria | R3N | ![]() |
ammino- | -ammina | ![]() Trimetilammina |
|
Sale di ammonio quaternario | R4N+ | ![]() |
ammonio- | -ammonio | ![]() Colina |
|
Azo compound | Azo (Diimide) |
RN2R' | ![]() |
azo- | -diazene | |
Toluene derivative | Benzyl |
RCH2C6H5 |
![]() |
benzyl- | 1-(substituent)toluene | ![]() Benzyl bromide (1-bromotoluene) |
Carbonate | Carbonate ester | ROCOOR | ![]() |
alkyl carbonate | ||
Carboxylate | Carboxylate | RCOO− | ![]() |
carboxy- | -oate | |
Carboxylic acid | Carboxyl | RCOOH | ![]() |
carboxy- | -oic acid | |
Cyanates | Cyanate | ROCN | ![]() |
cyanato- | alkyl cyanate | |
Thiocyanate | RSCN | ![]() |
thiocyanato- | alkyl thiocyanate | ||
Ether | Ether | ROR' | ![]() |
alkoxy- | alkyl alkyl ether | |
Ester | Ester | RCOOR' | ![]() |
-oate | ||
Haloalkane | Halo | RX | ![]() |
halo- | alkyl halide | |
Imine | Primary ketimine | RC(=NH)R' | ![]() |
imino- | -imine | |
Secondary ketimine | RC(=NR")R' | ![]() |
imino- | -imine | ||
Primary aldimine | RC(=NH)H | ![]() |
imino- | -imine | ||
Secondary aldimine | RC(=NR')H | ![]() |
imino- | -imine | ||
Isocyanide | Isocyanide | RNC | ![]() |
isocyano- | alkyl isocyanide | |
Isocyanates | Isocyanate | RNCO | ![]() |
isocyanato- | alkyl isocyanate | |
Isothiocyanate | RNCS | ![]() |
isothiocyanato- | alkyl isothiocyanate | ||
Ketone | Ketone | RCOR' | ![]() |
keto-, oxo- | -one | |
Nitrile | Nitrile | RCN | ![]() |
cyano- |
alkanenitrile |
|
Nitro compound | Nitro | RNO2 | ![]() |
nitro- | ||
Nitroso compound | Nitroso | RNO | ![]() |
nitroso- | ||
Peroxide | Peroxy | ROOR | ![]() |
peroxy- | alkyl peroxide | |
Benzene derivative | Phenyl | RC6H5 | ![]() |
phenyl- | -benzene | |
Phosphine | Phosphino | R3P | ![]() |
phosphino- | -phosphane | ![]() Methylpropylphosphane |
Phosphodiester | Phosphate | HOPO(OR)2 | ![]() |
phosphoric acid di(substituent) ester | di(substituent) hydrogenphosphate | |
Phosphonic acid | Phosphono | RP(=O)(OH)2 | ![]() |
phosphono- | substituent phosphonic acid | |
Phosphate | Phosphate | ROP(=O)(OH)2 | ![]() |
phospho- | ||
Pyridine derivative | Pyridyl | RC5H4N |
4-pyridyl / pyridin-4-yl |
-pyridine | ||
Sulfone | Sulfonyl | RSO2R' | ![]() |
sulfonyl- | di(substituent) sulfone | |
Sulfonic acid | Sulfo | RSO3H | ![]() |
sulfo- | substituent sulfonic acid | |
Sulfoxide | Sulfinyl | RSOR' | ![]() |
sulfinyl- | di(substituent) sulfoxide | ![]() Diphenyl sulfoxide |
Thiol | Sulfhydryl | RSH | ![]() |
mercapto-, sulfanyl- | -thiol |
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