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Obara Mgbali elu
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Obara Mgbali elu (BP) bụ nrụgide nke ọbara na-agagharị na mgbidi nke akwara ọbara. Ọtụtụ n'ime nrụgide a na-esite n'obi na-agba ọbara site na usoro nrugharị ọbara. Mgbe ejiri ya mee ihe na-enweghị iru eru, okwu ahụ bụ "mmegide ọbara" na-ezo aka na nrụgide dị na akwara brachial,4 ebe a na-atụkarị ya. A na-egosipụtakarị nrụgide ọbara n'ihe gbasara nrụgide systolic (mmetụta kachasị elu n'oge otu obi na-akụ) karịa nrụgide diastolic (mmmetụta dị ala n'etiti obi abụọ na-akụ). A na-atụle ya na milimita nke mercury (mmHg) n'elu nrụgide ikuku gbara ya gburugburu, ma ọ bụ na kilopascals (kPa).
Blood pressure | |
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![]() A healthcare worker measuring blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer. | |
MeSH | D001795 |
MedlinePlus | 007490 |
LOINC | 35094-2 |
Obara Mgbali elu bụ otu n'ime ihe ịrịba ama dị mkpa - tinyere ume ume, obi, ikuku oxygen saturation, na okpomọkụ ahụ - nke ndị ọrụ ahụike na-eji nyochaa ahụike onye ọrịa. Nrụgide ọbara zuru ike, n'ime onye toro eto bụ ihe dịka 120 milimita nke mercury (16 kPa) systolic karịa 80 milimita nke merccury (11 kPa) diastolic, nke a na-akpọ "120/80 mmHg". N'ụwa niile, nkezi ọbara mgbali elu, afọ dị mma, anọgidewo na-abụ otu kemgbe 1975 ruo ugbu a, na ihe dịka 127/79 mmHg n'ime ụmụ nwoke na 122/77 mmHg na ụmụ nwanyị, ọ bụ ezie na nkezi data ndị a na-ekpuchi ọdịiche dị iche iche nke mpaghara.[1]
Dị ka omenala si dị, onye ọrụ ahụike na-atụle ọbara mgbali elu na-abụghị nke na-emetụta site na auscultation (ige ntị) site na stethoscope maka ụda dị n'otu akwara ka a na-agbanye akwara ahụ, nso n'obi, site na aneroid gauge ma ọ bụ mercury-tube sphygmomanometer.[2] A ka na-ewere auscultation dị ka ọkọlọtọ ọla edo nke izi ezi maka ọgụgụ ọbara mgbali elu na-abụghị nke na-emetụta na ụlọ ọgwụ.[3] Otú ọ dị, usoro ndị na-arụ ọrụ n'onwe ha aghọwo ihe a na-ahụkarị, n'ụzọ dị ukwuu n'ihi nchegbu banyere nsị mercury, ọ bụ ezie na ọnụahịa, ịdị mfe nke iji ya na itinye ya n'ọrụ na ọbara mgbali elu ma ọ bụ nyocha ọbara mgbali isi n'ụlọ emetụtala omume a.[4][5] Nhọrọ ndị ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ n'onwe ha na mercury-tube sphygmomanometers na-abụkarị ihe na-ezighị ezi, mana ngwaọrụ nke oge a kwadoro na ụkpụrụ mba ụwa na-enweta nkezi ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụzọ abụọ a na-agụ akwụkwọ nke 5 mm Hg ma ọ bụ obere, yana ntụgharị dị ala nke na-erughị 8 mm Hg. Ọtụtụ n'ime usoro ndị a na-arụpụta onwe ha na-atụle ọbara mgbali site na oscillometry (nlele site na transducer nrụgide na cuff nke ngwaọrụ nke obere oscillations nke obere osciltions nke ngwaọrụ nke ngwaọrụ nke[5][6]
Blood pressure is influenced by cardiac output systematic vascular resistance
Blood volume and arterial stiffness and varies depending on patient's situation emotional state activity and relative health or diseses state.
In the term blood pressure is regulated by baroreceptors which act via the brain to influence the nervous and the endocrine systems.
A na-akpọ ọbara mgbali elu nke dị ala nke ukwuu hypotension, a na-akpọ nrụgide nke dị elu nke ukwuu hypertension, a na'akpọkwa nrụgide dị mma normotension.[7] Ma ọbara mgbali elu na ọbara mgbali ala nwere ọtụtụ ihe kpatara ya ma nwee ike ịmalite na mberede ma ọ bụ ogologo oge. Ọrịa ọbara mgbali elu ogologo oge bụ ihe ize ndụ maka ọtụtụ ọrịa, gụnyere ọrịa strok, ọrịa obi, na ọrịa akụrụ. Ọrịa ọbara mgbali elu ogologo oge bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị karịa hypotension ogologo oge.