Ketenteraman (Buddhisme)

Ketenteraman (Pali: passaddhi) adalah suatu faktor mental dalam Buddhisme.^[1] Kata kerja terkait dari passaddhi adalah passambhati (untuk menentramkan, menjadi tentram).^[2]

Bagian dari Abhidhamma Theravāda
52 Faktor Mental
Buddhisme Theravāda
7 universal (sabbacittasādhāraṇa) Phassa Vedanā Saññā Cetanā Ekaggatā Jīvitindriya Manasikāra
6 sesekali (pakiṇṇaka) Vitakka Vicāra Adhimokkha Viriya Pīti Chanda
14 tidak baik (akusala) 4 tidak baik universal (akusalasādhāraṇa): Moha Ahirika Anottappa Uddhacca 3 keserakahan (lobha): Lobha/Taṇhā/Rāga Diṭṭhi Māna 4 kebencian (dosa): Dosa Issā Macchariya Kukkucca 3 yang terakhir: Thīna Middha Vicikicchā
25 indah (sobhana) 19 indah universal (sobhanasādhāraṇa): Saddhā Sati Hiri Ottappa Alobha Adosa Mettā Tatramajjhattatā Kāyapassaddhi Cittapassaddhi Kāyalahutā Cittalahutā Kāyamudutā Cittamudutā Kāyakammaññatā Cittakammaññatā Kāyapāguññatā Cittapāguññatā Kāyujukatā Cittujukatā 3 penahanan diri (virati): Sammāvācā Sammākammanta Sammā-ājīva 2 tanpa batas (appamañña): Karuṇā Mudita 1 indra kebijaksanaan (paññindriya): Paññā
l b s

Dalam Buddhisme, ketenteraman merujuk pada ketenteraman tubuh, ucapan, pikiran, dan kesadaran dalam perjalanan menuju kecerahan. Sebagai bagian dari faktor mental yang dikembangkan, ketenteraman didahului oleh kegembiraan (pīti) dan mendahului kemanunggalan (ekaggatā).

Ketenteraman diidentifikasi sebagai faktor yang baik dalam konteks berikut ini:

• ketenteraman tubuh (kāyapassaddhi) merupakan salah satu dari dua puluh lima faktor mental yang indah dalam tradisi Abhidhamma Theravāda
• ketenteraman kesadaran (cittapassaddhi) merupakan salah satu dari dua puluh lima faktor mental yang indah dalam tradisi Abhidhamma Theravāda
• tujuh faktor pencerahan (sambojjhanga)
• penyerapan meditatif (jhānani)
• kemunculan ketergantungan transendental (lokuttara-paṭiccasamuppāda)

Referensi

1. Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), p. 447, entry for "Passaddhi" (retrieved 9 Jul 2007).
2. For instance, Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), p. 447, entries for "Passaddhi" (retrieved 9 Jul 2007) and "Passambhati" (retrieved 14 Jul 2007) etymologically derive both words from "pa+śrambh." The past participle of passambhati is passaddha and the present participle is passambhayaṃ.

Daftar pustaka

• Bodhi, Bhikkhu (trans., ed.) (1980). Transcendental Dependent Arising: A Translation and Exposition of the Upanisa Sutta (The Wheel No. 277/278) (SN 12.23) Kandy: Buddhist Publication Society. Retrieved 11 Jul 2007 from "Access to Insight" (1995) at http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/bodhi/wheel277.html.
• Buddhaghosa, Bhadantacariya & Bhikkhu Ñāṇamoli (trans.) (1999). The Path of Purification: Visuddhimagga. Seattle, WA: BPS Pariyatti Editions. ISBN 1-928706-00-2.
• Nyanaponika Thera (trans.) (1983, 1998). Rahogata Sutta: Secluded (SN 36.11). Retrieved 09 Jul 2007 from "Access to Insight" at http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/sn/sn36/sn36.011.nypo.html.
• Rhys Davids, C.A.F. (trans.) (1900). A Buddhist manual of psychological ethics or Buddhist Psychology, of the Fourth Century B.C., being a translation, now made for the first time, from the Original Pāli of the First Book in the Abhidhamma-Piţaka, entitled Dhamma-Sangaṇi (Compendium of States or Phenomena). Lancaster: Pali Text Society. Reprint currently available from Kessinger Publishing. ISBN 0-7661-4702-9.
• Rhys Davids, T.W. & William Stede (eds.) (1921-5). The Pali Text Society’s Pali–English Dictionary. Chipstead: Pali Text Society. A general on-line search engine for this dictionary is available at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/pali/.
• Sri Lanka Buddha Jayanti Tipitaka Series (SLTP) (n.d.-a). Ānāpānasatisuttaṃ (in Pali) (MN 118). Retrieved 13 Jul 2007 from "Mettanet - Lanka" at http://www.metta.lk/tipitaka/2Sutta-Pitaka/2Majjhima-Nikaya/Majjhima3/118-anappanasati-p.html.
• Sri Lanka Buddha Jayanti Tipitaka Series (SLTP) (n.d.-b). Sāmaññaphalasuttaṃ (in Pali) (DN 9). Retrieved 14 Jul 2007 from "Mettanet - Lanka" at http://www.metta.lk/tipitaka/2Sutta-Pitaka/1Digha-Nikaya/Digha1/09-potthapada-p.html.
• Sri Lanka Buddha Jayanti Tipitaka Series (SLTP) (n.d.-c). Sāmaññaphalasuttaṃ (in Pali) (DN 2). Retrieved 14 Jul 2007 from "Mettanet - Lanka" at http://www.metta.lk/tipitaka/2Sutta-Pitaka/1Digha-Nikaya/Digha1/02samannaphala-p.html.
• Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (1997). Samaññaphala Sutta: The Fruits of the Contemplative Life (DN 2). Retrieved 14 Jul 2007 from "Access to Insight" at http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/dn/dn.02.0.than.html.
• Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (1998). Rahogata Sutta: Alone (SN 36.11). Retrieved 09 Jul 2007 from "Access to Insight" at http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/sn/sn36/sn36.011.than.html.
• Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (2003). Potthapada Sutta: About Potthapada (DN 9). Retrieved 14 Jul 2007 from "Access to Insight" at http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/dn/dn.09.0.than.html.
• Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (2006). Anapanasati Sutta: Mindfulness of Breathing (MN 118). Retrieved 09 Jul 2007 from "Access to Insight" at http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/mn/mn.118.than.html.
• Upalavanna, Sister (n.d.). Aṅguttara Nikāya, [Navakanipāta], 006. Khemavaggo – Section on Appeasement (AN 9.6). Retrieved 10 Jul 2007 from "Mettanet - Lanka" at http://www.metta.lk/tipitaka/2Sutta-Pitaka/4Anguttara-Nikaya/Anguttara6/09-navakanipata/006-khemavaggo-e.html.