Siprinide

Cyprinidae, Siprinide, atau Keluarga Ikan Mas adalah famili besar ikan air tawar yang terdiri atas golongan ikan ikan mas atau ikan karper, ikan mas hias, ikan koi, dan kerabatnya. Secara umum disebut keluarga ikan mas, anggotanya kadang disebut juga siprinid. Siprinide adalah salah satu familia ikan terbesar dan secara umum adalah keluarga hewan vertebrata dengan jumlah terbesar, dengan lebih dari 2.400 spesies yang terbagi dalam 220 genera. Familia ini termasuk ordo Cypriniformes, yang dua per tiganya adalah anggota siprinid.^[1] Nama keluarga ikan ini berasal dari Yunani kuno kyprînos (κυπρῖνος, "ikan karper"),

Siprinide (Cyprinidae) Rentang waktu: Eocene - Present PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Ikan mas Garra rufa Wader Maskoki Koi
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kerajaan:	Animalia
Filum:	Chordata
Kelas:	Actinopterygii
Ordo:	Cypriniformes
Superfamili:	Cyprinoidea
Famili:	Cyprinidae
subfamili beserta genusnya
Lihat teks

Subfamili beserta genusnya[2][3]

Subfamili Acheilognathinae

• Acanthorhodeus
• Acheilognathus
• Rhodeus
• Tanakia

Subfamili Alburninae

• Alburnoides
• Alburnus
• Aspiolucius
• Metzia

Subfamili Barbinae

• Acrossocheilus
• Anchicyclocheilus
• Aulopyge
• Balantiocheilos
• Barbus
• Carasobarbus
• Clypeobarbus
• Dawkinsia ^[4]
• Desmopuntius ^[5]
• Diptychus
• Enteromius
• Haludaria ^[6]
• Hsianwenia (punah)^[7]
• Kalimantania
• Luciobarbus
• Mesopotamichthys
• Neobarynotus
• Oliotius ^[5]
• Oreichthys
• Pethia ^[4]
• Pseudobarbus
• Puntigrus ^[5]
• Puntius
• Sahyadria
• Schizopyge
• Schizothorax
• Sinocyclocheilus
• Striuntius ^[5]
• Systomus

Subfamili Cultrinae

• Anabarilius
• Chanodichthys
• Culter
• Cultrichthys
• Hainania
• Hemiculter
• Ischikauia
• Megalobrama
• Parabramis
• Paralaubuca
• Pseudohemiculter
• Pseudolaubuca
• Sinibrama
• Toxabramis

Subfamili Cyprininae

• Arabibarbus ^[8]
• Barboides
• Barbonymus
• Capoeta
• Carassioides
• Carassius
• Cyprinus
• Eechathalakenda
• Gymnocypris

Subfamili Danioninae

• Amblypharyngodon
• Aspidoparia
• Barilius
• Betadevario
• Boraras
• Cabdio
• Chelaethiops
• Chela
• Danio
• Danionella
• Devario
• Esomus
• Engraulicypris
• Fangfangia ^[9]
• Horadandia
• Inlecypris
• Laubuka
• Leptocypris
• Luciosoma
• Malayochela
• Microdevario
• Microrasbora
• Nematabramis
• Neobola
• Opsaridium
• Opsarius
• Paedocypris
• Pectenocypris
• Raiamas
• Rasbora
• Rasboroides
• Rasbosoma
• Rastrineobola
• Salmostoma
• Securicula
• Sundadanio
• Trigonopoma
• Trigonostigma

Subfamili Gobioninae

• Abbottina
• Belligobio
• Biwia
• Coreius
• Coreoleuciscus
• Gnathopogon
• Gobio
• Gobiobotia
• Gobiocypris
• Hemibarbus
• Huigobio
• Ladislavia
• Mesogobio
• Microphysogobio
• Paracanthobrama
• Paraleucogobio
• Parasqualidus
• Platysmacheilus
• Pseudogobio
• Pseudopungtungia
• Pseudorasbora
• Pungtungia
• Rhinogobio
• Romanogobio
• Sarcocheilichthys
• Saurogobio
• Squalidus
• Xenophysogobio

Subfamili Labeoninae (diperdebatkan)

• Bangana
• Brevibora
• Cirrhinus
• Cophecheilus
• Crossocheilus
• Discocheilus
• Discogobio
• Discolabeo
• Garra
• Henicorhynchus
• Horalabiosa
• Hongshuia
• Labeo
• Labeobarbus
• Labiobarbus
• Longanalus
• Osteochilichthys
• Osteochilus
• Paraqianlabeo ^[10]
• Parasinilabeo
• Placocheilus
• Protolabeo
• Pseudocrossocheilus
• Pseudogyrinocheilus
• Ptychidio
• Qianlabeo
• Rectoris
• Semilabeo
• Sinigarra ^[11]
• Sinilabeo
• Sinocrossocheilus
• Stenorynchoacrum ^[12]
• Tariqilabeo
• Vinagarra
• Vinalabeo ^[13]

Subfamili Leptobarbinae

• Leptobarbus

Subfamili Leuciscinae

• Abramis
• Acanthobrama
• Achondrostoma
• Anaecypris
• Acrocheilus
• Agosia
• Algansea
• Aztecula
• Ballerus
• Blicca
• Campostoma
• Chondrostoma
• Chrosomus
• Clinostomus
• Codoma
• Coreoleuciscus
• Couesius
• Cyprinella
• Delminichthys
• Dionda
• Eremichthys
• Ericymba
• Erimystax
• Evarra (punah)
• Exoglossum
• Gila
• Hemitremia
• Hesperoleucus
• Hybognathus
• Hybopsis
• Iberochondrostoma
• Iberocypris
• Iotichthys
• Kottelatia
• Ladigesocypris
• Lavinia
• Lepidomeda
• Leucalburnus
• Leucaspius
• Leuciscus
• Leucos ^[14]
• Luxilus
• Lythrurus
• Macrhybopsis
• Margariscus
• Meda
• Moapa
• Mylocheilus
• Mylopharodon
• Nocomis
• Notemigonus
• Notropis
• Opsopoeodus
• Oregonichthys
• Orthodon
• Pachychilon
• Parachondrostoma
• Pararhinichthys
• Pelasgus
• Pelecus
• Petroleuciscus
• Phenacobius
• Phoxinellus
• Phoxinus
• Pimephales
• Plagopterus
• Platygobio
• Pogonichthys
• Protochondrostoma
• Pseudochondrostoma
• Pseudophoxinus
• Pteronotropis
• Ptychocheilus
• Relictus
• Rhinichthys
• Rhynchocypris
• Richardsonius
• Rutilus
• Sarmarutilus ^[14]
• Scardinius
• Semotilus
• Siphateles
• Snyderichthys
• Squalius
• Stypodon (punah)
• Tampichthys
• Telestes
• Tribolodon
• Tropidophoxinellus
• Vimba
• Yuriria

Subfamili Tincinae

• Tanichthys
• Tinca

Subfamili Squaliobarbinae

• Ctenopharyngodon
• Mylopharyngodon
• Squaliobarbus

Subfamili Xenocyprinae

• Distoechodon
• Hypophthalmichthys
• Plagiognathops
• Pseudobrama
• Xenocypris

Subfamili Incertae sedis

• Aaptosyax
• Acanthalburnus
• Acanthogobio
• Acapoeta
• Albulichthys
• Amblyrhynchichthys
• Ancherythroculter
• Aphyocypris
• Araiocypris
• Aspiorhynchus
• Atrilinea
• Barbichthys
• Barbodes
• Barbopsis
• Caecobarbus
• Caecocypris
• Candidia
• Capoetobrama
• Catlocarpio
• Chagunius
• Chuanchia
• Coptostomabarbus
• Cosmochilus
• Cyclocheilichthys
• Cyprinion
• Diplocheilichthys
• Discherodontus
• Eirmotus
• Elopichthys
• Epalzeorhynchos
• Folifer
• Gibelion
• Gymnodanio
• Gymnodiptychus
• Hampala
• Hemiculterella
• Hemigrammocypris
• Herzensteinia
• Hypselobarbus
• Hypsibarbus
• Laocypris
• Lepidopygopsis
• Linichthys
• Lobocheilos
• Longiculter
• Luciobrama
• Luciocyprinus
• Macrochirichthys
• Megarasbora
• Mekongina
• Metzia
• Mystacoleucus
• Naziritor
• Neolissochilus
• Nipponocypris
• Ochetobius
• Onychostoma
• Opsariichthys
• Oreoleuciscus
• Osteobrama
• Oxygaster
• Oxygymnocypris
• Parachela
• Paracrossochilus
• Parapsilorhynchus
• Parasikukia
• Paraspinibarbus
• Parator
• Parazacco
• Percocypris
• Phreatichthys
• Placogobio
• Platypharodon
• Pogobrama
• Poropuntius
• Probarbus
• Procypris
• Prolabeo
• Prolabeops
• Pseudaspius
• Ptychobarbus
• Puntioplites
• Rasborichthys
• Rohtee
• Rohteichthys
• Sanagia
• Sawbwa
• Scaphiodonichthys
• Scaphognathops
• Scardinius
• Schismatorhynchos
• Schizocypris
• Schizopygopsis
• Semiplotus
• Sikukia
• Spinibarbus
• Thryssocypris
• Thynnichthys
• Tor
• Troglocyclocheilus
• Tropidophoxinellus
• Typhlobarbus
• Typhlogarra
• Xenobarbus
• Xenocyprioides
• Zacco

Referensi

1. FishBase (2004), Nelson (2006), dictionary.com [2009]
2. J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (edisi ke-5th). Wiley. hlm. 181–186. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-04-08. Diakses tanggal 2023-05-21.
3. Betancur-Rodriguez, Ricardo; Edward O. Wiley; Gloria Arratia; Arturo Acero; Nicolas Bailly; Masaki Miya; Guillaume Lecointre; Guillermo Ortí (2017). "Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes". BMC Evolutionary Biology (edisi ke-4). 17 (162): 162. doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0958-3. PMC 5501477 . PMID 28683774.
4. Pethiyagoda, R.; Meegaskumbura, M.; Maduwage, K. (2012). "A synopsis of the South Asian fishes referred to Puntius (Pisces: Cyprinidae)". Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters. 23 (1): 69–95. ISSN 0936-9902.
5. Kottelat, M. (2013). "The Fishes of the Inland Waters of Southeast Asia: A Catalogue and Core Bibliography of the Fishes Known to Occur in Freshwaters, Mangroves and Estuaries" (PDF). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology (Supplement No. 27): 1–663. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2 December 2013.
6. Pethiyagoda, R (2013). "Haludaria, a replacement generic name for Dravidia (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3646 (2): 199. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3646.2.9. PMID 26213759.
7. Meemann Chang; Xiaoming Wang; Huanzhang Liu; et al. (2008). "Extraordinarily thick-boned fish linked to the aridification of the Qaidam Basin (northern Tibetan Plateau)". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 105 (36): 13246–13251. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10513246C. doi:10.1073/pnas.0805982105 . PMC 2533176 . PMID 18757732.
8. Borkenhagen, K (2014). "A new genus and species of cyprinid fish (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae) from the Arabian Peninsula, and its phylogenetic and zoogeographic affinities". Environmental Biology of Fishes. 97 (10): 1179–1195. doi:10.1007/s10641-014-0315-y. Parameter |s2cid= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
9. Britz, Ralf; Kottelat, Maurice; Tan, Heok (1 December 2011). "Fangfangia spinicleithralis, a new genus and species of miniature cyprinid fish from the peat swamp forests of Borneo (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)". Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters. 22 (4): 327–335.
10. Zhao, H.-T.; Sullivan, J.P.; Zhang, Y.-G.; Peng, Z.-G. (2014). "Paraqianlabeo lineatus, a new genus and species of labeonine fishes (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from South China". Zootaxa. 3841 (2): 257–270. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3841.2.5. PMID 25082039.
11. Zhang, E; Zhou, W (2012). "Sinigarra napoense, a new genus and species of labeonin fishes (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from Guangxi Province, South China" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3586: 17–25. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3586.1.4. Parameter |s2cid= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
12. Huang, Y.; Yang, J.; Chen, X. (2014). "Stenorynchoacrum xijiangensis, a new genus and a new species of Labeoninae fish from Guangxi, China (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)". Zootaxa. 3793 (3): 379–386. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3793.3.6. PMID 24870177.
13. Nguyen, V.H.; Nguyen, H.D.; Nguyen, T.D.P. (2016). "Vinalabeo, a new generic name for Vinalabeo tonkinensis (Cyprinidae, Teleostei)". Journal of Science of Hnue, Natural Sciences. 61 (9): 140–144. doi:10.18173/2354-1059.2016-0066.
14. Bianco, P.G.; Ketmaier, V. (2014). "A revision of the Rutilus complex from Mediterranean Europe with description of a new genus, Sarmarutilus, and a new species, Rutilus stoumboudae (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3841 (3): 379–402. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3841.3.4. hdl:11573/589382. PMID 25082046.

Daftar pustaka

• De Graaf, Martin; Megens, Hendrik-Jan; Samallo, Johannis; Sibbing, Ferdinand A. (2007). "Evolutionary origin of Lake Tana's (Ethiopia) small Barbus species: Indications of rapid ecological divergence and speciation". Animal Biology. 57: 39. doi:10.1163/157075607780002069.
• dictionary.com [2009]: Cyprinid. Retrieved 2009-SEP-25.
• Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2011). "Cyprinidae" in FishBase. August 2011 version.
• Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FFWCC) (2006): Florida's Exotic Freshwater Fishes. Retrieved 2007-03-05.
• Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission (GSMFC) (2005): Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) Diarsipkan 2007-08-18 di Wayback Machine.. Version of 2005-08-03. Retrieved 2007-05-03.
• He, Shunping; Mayden, Richard L.; Wang, Xuzheng; Wang, Wei; Tang, Kevin L.; Chen, Wei-Jen; Chen, Yiyu (2008). "Molecular phylogenetics of the family Cyprinidae (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes) as evidenced by sequence variation in the first intron of S7 ribosomal protein-coding gene: Further evidence from a nuclear gene of the systematic chaos in the family". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 46 (3): 818–29. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.06.001. PMID 18203625.
• He, Shunping; Gu, Xun; Mayden, Richard L.; Chen, Wei-Jen; Conway, Kevin W.; Chen, Yiyu (2008). "Phylogenetic position of the enigmatic genus Psilorhynchus (Ostariophysi: Cypriniformes): Evidence from the mitochondrial genome". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 47 (1): 419–25. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.10.012. PMID 18053751.
• Helfman, Gene (1997). The Diversity of Fishes. Oxford: Blackwell Science. ISBN 0-86542-256-7.
• Howes, G. J. (1991): Systematics and biogeography: an overview. In: Winfield, I. J. & Nelson, J. S. (eds.): Biology of Cyprinids: 1–33. Chapman and Hall Ltd., London.
• International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) (2009): 2009 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2009.1. Retrieved 2009-SEP-20.
• Magri MacMahon, A. F. (1946): Fishlore. Pelican Books.
• Nelson, Joseph (2006). Fishes of the World. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-25031-7.
• Riehl, Rudiger (1996). Aquarium Atlas. Voyageur Press (MN). ISBN 3-88244-050-3.

Pranala luar

• "Cyprinidae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Diakses tanggal 28 April 2004.