Bencana kelaparan besar Tiongkok terjadi di Republik Rakyat Tiongkok pada 1958–1962. Bencana kelaparan ini disebabkan oleh pemimpin komunis yang berupaya untuk memaksa perubahan pada masyarakat. Sebagai bagian dari Lompatan Jauh ke Depan salah satunya adalah larangan akan kepemilikan tanah pribadi. Pemerintah merampas tanah-tanah milik petani pribadi pada 1958 dan membuatnya komunal untuk meningkatkan produksi pertanian. Selain itu Negeri Tirai Bambu ini juga tengah mengembangkan produksi besi dan baja. Jutaan petani dipekerjakan secara paksa.
Informasi lebih lanjut Sejarah Republik Rakyat Tiongkok (RRT), 1949–1976Era Mao ...
Tutup
China juga membuat kesalahan fatal dengan menerapkan metode penananam baru yakni bibit ditanam 3–5 meter di bawah tanah namun jaraknya berdekatan supaya peran tanah bisa dimaksimalkan dan lebih efisien. Namun pada praktiknya benih itu pertumbuhannya terganggu lantaran berdesakan. Kebijakan ini gagal. Ditambah dengan bencana banjir pada 1959 dan kekeringan tahun selanjutnya, ini mempengaruhi bangsa China. Kelaparan ini menyebabkan 15–55 juta orang meninggal.
Referensi
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- Yang Jisheng. Tombstone: The Untold Story of Mao's Great Famine, Yang Jisheng, Translators: Stacy Mosher, Guo Jian, Publisher: Allen Lane (30 Oct 2012), ISBN 978-1-84614-518-6 (English Translation of the above work)
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- Official Chinese statistics, shown as a graph.Land Use Systems Group (LUC), Austria: International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) https://web.archive.org/web/20050904001002/http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Research/LUC/ChinaFood/data/pop/pop_10.htm, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2005-09-04
