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salah satu bahasa Ryukyu Utara Dari Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas
Bahasa Amami Oshima Utara adalah suatu bahasa Ryukyu yang dituturkan di Amami Oshima dan kepulauan sekitarnya, Prefektur Kagoshima, Jepang.[1][5] Bahasa ini umumnya dianggap sebagai dialek utara dari bahasa Amami Oshima, selain dialek selatan.[1][5][6]
Menurut Ethnologue, ada 10.000 penutur bahasa Amami Ōshima Selatan,[6] sedangkan bahasa Amami Oshima Utara memiliki 1.800 penutur.[1] Dua dialek tersebut terancam punah, karena generasi muda menuturkan bahasa Jepang Baku atau dialek bahasa Jepang setempat yang disebut sebagai Ton-futsūgo.[7][8]
Berikut merupakan transkripsi bahasa Amami Oshima Utara di Naze, Kagoshima:
/i/ | /ï/ | /e/ | /ë/ | /a/ | /o/ | /u/ | /ja/ | /jo/ | /ju/ | /wï/ | /wë/ | /wa/ | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
/Ø/ | /i/ [ji] | /ï/ [ï] | /e/ [je] | /a/ [a] | /o/ [o] | /u/ [wu] | /ja/ [ja] | /jo/ [jo] | /ju/ [ju] | (/wï/ [wï]) | /wë/ [wë] | /wa/ [wa] | |
/ʔ/ | /ʔi/ [ʔi] | /ʔe/ [ʔe] | /ʔa/ [ʔa] | /ʔo/ [ʔo] | /ʔu/ [ʔu] | /ʔja/ [ʔja] | /ʔju/ [ʔju] | /ʔwï/ [ʔwï] | /ʔwa/ [ʔwa] | ||||
/h/ | /hi/ [çi] | /hë/ [hë] | /ha/ [ha] | /ho/ [ho] | /hu/ [ɸu] | /hja/ [ça] | (/hjo/ [ço]) | /hju/ [çu] | /hwï/ [ɸï] | /hwë/ [ɸë] | |||
/kʔ/ | /kʔi/ [kʔi] | /kʔe/ [kʔe] | /kʔë/ [kʔë] | /kʔa/ [kʔa] | /kʔo/ [kʔo] | /kʔu/ [kʔu] | /kʔja/ [kʔja] | /kʔjo/ [kʔjo] | /kʔju/ [kʔju] | /kʔwë/ [kʔwë] | /kʔwa/ [kʔwa] | ||
/k/ | /ki/ [ki] | /kï/ [kï] | /ke/ [ke] | /kë/ [kë] | /ka/ [ka] | /ko/ [ko] | /ku/ [ku] | /kja/ [kja] | /kjo/ [kjo] | /kju/ [kju] | /kwë/ [kwë] | (/kwa/ [kwa]) | |
/g/ | /gi/ [gi] | /gï/ [gï] | /ge/ [ge] | /gë/ [gë] | /ga/ [ga] | /go/ [go] | /gu/ [gu] | /gja/ [gja] | /gjo/ [gjo] | /gju/ [gju] | /gwa/ [gwa] | ||
/tʔ/ | /tʔi/ [tʔi] | /tʔï/ [tʔï] | (/tʔe/ [tʔe]) | /tʔë/ [tʔë] | /tʔa/ [tʔa] | /tʔo/ [tʔo] | /tʔu/ [tʔu] | ||||||
/t/ | /ti/ [ti] | /tï/ [tï] | /te/ [te] | /të/ [të] | /ta/ [ta] | /to/ [to] | /tu/ [tu] | ||||||
/d/ | /di/ [di] | /dï/ [dï] | (/de/ [de]) | /dë/ [dë] | /da/ [da] | /do/ [do] | /du/ [du] | ||||||
/cʔ/ | /cʔi/ [tʔʃi] | /cʔï/ [tʔsï] | (/cʔe/ [tʔse]) | (/cʔa/ [tʔsa]) | /cʔu/ [tʔsu] | /cʔja/ [tʔʃa] | /cʔjo/ [tʔʃo] | /cʔju/ [tʔʃu] | |||||
/c/ | /ci/ [tʃi] | (/cï/ [tsï]) | (/ce/ [tʃe]) | /cja/ [tʃa] | /cjo/ [tʃo] | /cju/ [tʃu] | |||||||
/s/ | /si/ [ʃi] | /sï/ [sï] | /se/ [se] | /së/ [së] | /sa/ [sa] | /so/ [so] | /su/ [su] | /sja/ [ʃa] | /sjo/ [ʃo] | /sju/ [ʃu] | |||
/z/ | /zi/ [dʒi] | /zï/ [dzï] | /ze/ [dze] | /zë/ [dzë] | /za/ [dza] | /zo/ [dzo] | /zu/ [dzu] | /zja/ [dʒa] | /zjo/ [dʒo] | /zju/ [dʒu] | |||
/r/ [12] |
/ri/ [ɾi] | /rï/ [ɾï] | (/re/ [ɾe]) | /rë/ [ɾë] | /ra/ [ɾa] | /ro/ [ɾo] | /ru/ [ɾu] | /rja/ [ɾja] | /rjo/ [ɾju] | /rju/ [ɾju] | |||
/nʔ/ | /nʔi/ [ɲʔi] | /nʔa/ [nʔa] | |||||||||||
/n/ | /ni/ [ɲi] | /nï/ [nï] | /ne/ [ne] | /në/ [në] | /na/ [na] | /no/ [no] | /nu/ [nu] | /nja/ [ɲa] | /njo/ [ɲo] | /nju/ [ɲu] | |||
/pʔ/ | /pʔi/ [pʔi] | /pʔe/ [pʔe] | /pʔë/ [pʔë] | /pʔa/ [pʔa] | /pʔo/ [pʔo] | /pʔu/ [pʔu] | /pʔjo/ [pʔjo] | /pʔju/ [pʔju] | |||||
/b/ | /bi/ [bi] | /bï/ [bï] | /be/ [be] | /bë/ [bë] | /ba/ [ba] | /bo/ [bo] | /bu/ [bu] | /bja/ [bja] | /bjo/ [bjo] | /bju/ [bju] | |||
/mʔ/ | /mʔa/ [mʔa] | /mʔo/ [mʔo] | |||||||||||
/m/ | /mi/ [mi] | /mï/ [mï] | /më/ [më] | /ma/ [ma] | /mo/ [mo] | /mu/ [mu] | /mja/ [mja] | /mjo/ [mjo] | /mju/ [mju] | ||||
Fonemik | /Q/ [p, t, k] | /N/ [m, n, ŋ] |
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