Arsitektur Nazi

Arsitektur Nazi adalah arsitektur yang dipromosikan oleh Reich Ketiga dari 1933 sampai kejatuhannya pada 1945. Arsitektur tersebut dikarakterisasikan oleh tiga bentuk: sebuah neoklasisisme stripped (ditipifikasikan oleh rancangan-rancangan Albert Speer); sebuah gaya kedaerahan yang mendapatkan inspirasi dari arsitektur pedesaan tradisional, khususnya alpen; dan gaya utilitarian yang mengikuti proyek-proyek infrastruktur besar dan kompleks-kompleks industrial atau militer. Ideologi Nazi memegang sikap pluralis terhadap arsitektur. Namun, Adolf Hitler sendiri meyakini bahwa bentuk harus mengikuti fungsi dan menentang "imitasi bodoh dari masa lalu".^[1]

Sebuah model dari rencana Adolf Hitler untuk Germania (Berlin) yang dirumuskan di bawah arahan Albert Speer

Proponen arsitektural

• Hermann Bartels
• Peter Behrens
• German Bestelmeyer
• Paul Bonatz
• Woldemar Brinkmann
• Walter Brugmann
• Richard Ermisch
• Gottfried Feder
• Roderich Fick
• Theodor Fischer
• Leonhard Gall
• Hermann Giesler
• Wilhelm Grebe
• Fritz Hoger
• Eugen Honig
• Clemens Klotz
• Wilhelm Kreis
• Werner March
• Konrad Nonn
• Alfred Rosenberg
• Ludwig Ruff
• Franz Ruff
• Ernst Sagebiel
• Paul Schmitthenner
• Julius Schulte-Frohlinde
• Paul Schultze-Naumburg
• Alexander von Senger
• Albert Speer
• Fritz Todt
• Paul Troost
• Rudolf Wolters

Referensi

1. Nazi architecture, in "Oxford Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture", 2006, p. 518.

Daftar pustaka

Baynes, Norman H., ed. (1942). The Speeches of Adolf Hitler, April 1922-August 1939. Two vols. London: Oxford University Press.

Brenner, Hildegard (1965). La politica culturale del nazismo [Die Kunstpolitik des Nationalsozialismus (Art policies of Nazism)] (dalam bahasa Italia). Translated from German by Enzo Collotti. Bari: Laterza.

Cowdery, Ray; Cowdery, Josephine (2003). The New German Reichschancellery in Berlin 1938-1945. Victory WW2 Publishing. ISBN 978-0910667289.

De Jaeger, Charles (1981). The Linz file: Hitler's plunder of Europe's art. Exeter: Webb & Bower. ISBN 9780906671306.

Dülffer, Jost; Thies, Jochen; Henke, Josef (1978). Hitlers Städte: Baupolitik Im Dritten Reich. Eine Dokumentation [Building Policies in the Third Reich] (dalam bahasa Jerman). Köln: Böhlau. ISBN 3-412-03477-0.

Giesler, Hermann (1977). Ein Anderer Hitler: Bericht Seines Architekten Erlebnisse, Gesprache, Reflexionen [A Different Hitler: Report on its Architects' Experiences, Conversations, Reflections] (dalam bahasa Jerman). Druffel. ISBN 978-3806108200.

Helmer, Stephen (1985). Hitler's Berlin: The Speer Plans for Reshaping the Central City (Illustrated). Ann Arbor: UMI Research Press. ISBN 0-8357-1682-1.

Hitler, Adolf (1971). Mein Kampf [My Struggle]. Translated by Ralph Manheim. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 978-0395078013. In Internet Archive (1941 edition by Reynal & Hitchcock, New York).

Hitler, Adolf (2000). Hitler's Table Talk 1941-1944: His Private Conversations. Translated by Norman Cameron and R.H. Stevens. New York: Enigma Books. ISBN 1-929631-05-7.

Homze, Edward L. (1967). Foreign Labor in Nazi Germany. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-05118-6.

Jaskot, Paul B. (2000). The Architecture of Oppression: The SS, Forced Labor and the Nazi Monumental Building Economy. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0415223-416.

Krier, Leon (1989). Albert Speer Architecture. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. ISBN 2-87143-006-3.

Lärmer, Karl (1975). Autobahnbau in Deutschland 1933 bis 1945 [Highway construction in Germany 1933-1945] (dalam bahasa Jerman). Berlin: Akademie Verlag. ASIN B001UWP0DY.

Lehmann-Haupt, Hellmut (1973). Art under a Dictatorship (Illustrated). New York: Octagon Books. ISBN 0-374-94896-8.

Lehrer, Steven (2006). The Reich Chancellery and Fuhrerbunker Complex: An Illustrated History of the Seat of the Nazi Regime. McFarland & Co. ISBN 978-0786423934.

Mittig, Hans-Ernst (2005). "Marmor der Reichskanzlei". Dalam Bingen, Dieter; Hinz, Hans-Martin. Die Schleifung: Zerstörung und Wiederaufbau historischer Bauten in Deutschland und Polen [The Razing: Destruction and Reconstruction of Historical Buildings in Germany and Poland] (dalam bahasa Jerman). Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz. ISBN 3-447-05096-9.

Nerdinger, Winfried (1999). Bauhaus-Moderne im Nationalsozialismus [Modernist Architecture in Nazi Germany] (dalam bahasa Jerman). Prestel. ISBN 978-3791312699.

Petsch, Joachim (1976). Baukunst Und Stadtplanung Im Dritten Reich: Herleitung, Bestandsaufnahme, Entwicklung, Nachfolge [Architecture and urban planning in the Third Reich: Origin, Inventory, Development, Follow-up] (dalam bahasa Jerman). C. Hanser. ISBN 978-3446122796.

Rittich, Werner (1938). Architektur und Bauplastik der Gegenwart [Plastic Figures in Modern Architecture] (dalam bahasa Jerman). Berlin: Rembrandt Verlag.

Schönberger, Angela (1981). Die Neue Reichskanzlei von Albert Speer. Zum Zusammenhang von nationalsozialistischer Ideologie und Architektur [The New Reich Chancellery by Albert Speer. To a Coherence between Nazi Ideology and Architecture] (dalam bahasa Jerman). Berlin: Gebrüder Mann. ISBN 978-3786112631.

Scobie, Alexander (1990). Hitler's State Architecture: The Impact of Classical Antiquity. College Art Association Monograph - Book 45. Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 978-0271006918.

Schmitz, Matthias (1940). A Nation Builds: Contemporary German Architecture. New York: German Library of Information. Ringkasan – questia.

Speer, Albert (1970). Inside the Third Reich. Translation by Richard and Clara Winston. New York: Macmillan. ISBN 0-02-037500-X. In Internet Archive.

Spotts, Frederic (2002). Hitler and the Power of Aesthetics. Woodstock, New York: Overlook Press. ISBN 1-58567-345-5.

Taylor, Robert (1974). The Word in Stone: The Role of Architecture in the National Socialist Ideology. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-02193-2.

Thies, Jochen (1976). Architekt der Weltherrschaft. Die Endziele Hitlers [Architect of world domination. The ultimate goals of Hitler] (dalam bahasa Jerman). Düsseldorf: Droste. ISBN 978-3770004256.

Zoller, Albert (1949). Hitler privat. Erlebnisbericht seiner Geheimsekretärin [Hitler's Private Secretary Testimony] (dalam bahasa Jerman). Düsseldorf: Droste. ASIN B0023S7QZO.

Pranala luar

• Media tentang Nazi architecture di Wikimedia Commons
• Obsessive lens on Nazi buildings that have forgotten their past Diarsipkan 2019-08-13 di Wayback Machine., Mati Shemoelof, last updated on 21 October 2018.
• A Theory of Ruin-value , Cornelius Holtorf, last updated on 21 December 2004.
• A Teacher's Guide to the Holocaust website:

Photos: Third Reich Architecture in Berlin;

Photos: Third Reich Architecture in Munich.

• NS-Architektur at LEMO - Lebendiges Museum Online.