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इलेक्ट्रॉनिक्स विनिर्माण में केंद्रित उद्योग विकिपीडिया से, मुक्त विश्वकोश
इलेक्ट्रॉनिक्स उद्योग (अंग्रेजी में: Electronics industry) 20वीं सदी में उभरा और आज सबसे बड़े वैश्विक उद्योगों में से एक है। समकालीन समाज इस उद्योग द्वारा संचालित स्वचालित या अर्ध-स्वचालित कारखानों में निर्मित इलेक्ट्रॉनिक उपकरणों की एक विशाल सरणी का उपयोग करता है। उत्पाद मुख्य रूप से धातु-ऑक्साइड-अर्धचालक ट्रांजिस्टर और एकीकृत परिपथ से बने होते हैं। एकीकृत सर्किट मुख्य रूप से फोटोलिथोग्राफी द्वारा और अक्सर मुद्रित सर्किट बोर्ड पर बनाये जाते हैं।
उद्योग सेक्टर | वार्षिक राजस्व | वर्ष | Ref |
---|---|---|---|
B2B e-commerce (business-to-business) | $25,516,000,000,000 | 2017 | [1] |
Tech industry (high tech) | US$48,00,00,00,00,000 | 2018 | [2] |
मोबाइल प्रौद्योगिकी | $3,900,000,000,000 | 2018 | [3] |
B2C e-commerce (business-to-consumer) | $3,851,000,000,000 | 2017 | [1] |
उपभोक्ता इलेक्ट्रॉनिकी | $1,712,900,000,000 | 2016 | [4] |
अर्धचालक उद्योग | $481,000,000,000 | 2018 | [5] |
टेलीविजन प्रसारण सेवाएँ | $407,700,000,000 | 2017 | [6] |
शक्ति इलेक्ट्रॉनिकी | US$एक्स्प्रेशन त्रुटि: अनपेक्षित उद्गार चिन्ह "["। | 2011 | [7] |
TFT liquid-crystal displays (TFT LCD) | $141,000,000,000 | 2017 | [8] |
विडियो खेल | $137,900,000,000 | 2018 | [9] |
घरेलू विडियो फिल्म उद्योग | $55,700,000,000 | 2018 | [10] |
Music streaming and music downloads | $11,200,000,000 | 2018 | [a] |
इलेक्ट्रॉनिक युक्ति | पोतलदान (Shipments) (अनुमानित बिलियन इकाइयाँ) |
Production years included | सन्दर्भ | उत्पाद का प्रकार |
---|---|---|---|---|
MOSFET (MOS field-effect transistor) | 13,000,000,000,000 | 1964 – 2018 | [12] | Semiconductor |
Floating-gate MOSFET (flash memory cell) | 2,321,000,000,000 | 1992 – 1997, 2000 – 2018 | [b] | |
MOS capacitor (DRAM memory cell) | 228,000,000,000 | 1965 – 2007, 2009 – 2013, 2018 | [c] | |
Discrete semiconductor device | 5,041 | 1954 – 1957, 1966 – 1971, 2002 – 2018 | [d] | |
Integrated circuit (IC) chip | 4,044 | 1960 – 1997, 2000, 2002 – 2013, 2015 – 2018 | ||
Optoelectronic device | 1,112 | 2002 – 2013, 2016 | ||
Discrete transistor | 798 | 1954 – 1957, 1966 – 1971, 2011, 2013 – 2018 | ||
Analog integrated circuit chip | 635 | 2002 – 2013, 2016 | ||
Diode | 593 | 2011, 2013 – 2015 | [16] | |
Application-specific standard product (ASSP) | 541 | 2002 – 2013 | [d] | |
Power transistor | 363 | 2011, 2013 – 2018 | [e] | |
MOS memory chip | 357 | 1992 – 1997, 2002 – 2013, 2016 | [d] | |
Logic device | 250 | 2002 – 2013, 2016 | ||
Microprocessor (MPU) / Microcontroller (MCU) | 205 | 1971 – 1996, 2002 – 2014, 2016 | ||
Compact disc (CD) | 200 | 1982 – 2007 | [19] | Consumer |
Flash memory chip | 197 | 1987 – 2018 | [b] | Semiconductor |
Thyristor | 189 | 2013 – 2015 | [20] | |
System-on-a-chip (SoC) | 131 | 1976 – 2017 | [f] | |
Sensor / Actuator | 87.7 | 2002 – 2013, 2016 | [d] | |
Display driver chip | 53.3 | 2003 – 2009, 2017 – 2018 | [g] | |
Light-emitting diode (LED) | 50 | 2009 | [27] | |
Smart card (integrated circuit card) | 50 | 1977 – 2019 | [28] | Consumer |
CMOS image sensor | 34.5 | 2007 – 2018 | [h] | Semiconductor |
SIM card (universal integrated circuit card) | 34.1 | 1991 – 2018 | [i] | Consumer |
Flat-panel display (FPD) | 30.2 | 1999 – 2009, 2017 – 2018 | [j] | Consumer |
Audio cassette tape | 30 | 1963 – 2019 | [43] | |
Application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) | 25.6 | 2002 – 2013 | [d] | Semiconductor |
Payment card | 22.1 | 1967 – 2018 | [44] | Consumer |
Digital versatile disc (DVD) | 20 | 1996 – 2012 | [45] | |
Mobile phone | 19.4 | 1994 – 2018 | [l] | |
Smartphone | 10.1 | 2007 – 2018 | [k] | |
Video cassette | 10 | 1976 – 2000 | [49][50] | |
Hard disk drive (HDD) | 9.15 | 1976 – 2018 | [51] | |
EMV (Chip & PIN) smart payment card | 8.2 | 1995 – 2019 | [28] | |
Transistor radio | 7 | 1954 – 2012 | [52] | |
Personal computer (PC) | 6.93 | 1975 – 2019 | [m] | |
NAND flash memory controller chip | 5 | 2007 – 2017 | [53] | Semiconductor |
RF CMOS (radio-frequency CMOS) switch | 5 | 2000 – 2017 | [54] | |
Flip chip | 4.81 | 1997 – 2001 | [55] | |
Audio codec sound chip | 3.78 | 2013 | [56] | |
Universal Serial Bus (USB) | 3.7 | 2011 | [22] | |
Video game cartridge | 3.4 | 1983 – 2013 | [n] | Consumer |
Smart payment card | 3.04 | 2018 | [28] | |
Television set (TV set) | 3 | 1936 – 2019 | [o] | |
Synchronous SRAM memory chip | 2.7 | 1995 – 2015 | [62] | Semiconductor |
Graphics processing unit (GPU) | 2 | 1996 – 2014 | [p] | Consumer |
Short-range wireless IC chip | 1.67 | 2009 | [65] | Semiconductor |
Video game console | 1.58 | 1976 – 2019 | [q] | Consumer |
Laptop computer | 1.45 | 2010 – 2017 | [m] | |
DVD player | 1.3 | 1996 – 2007 | [66] | |
Vacuum tube | 1.3 | 1966 – 1970 | [67] | Vacuum |
Landline telephone | 1.26 | 1950 – 2005 | [68] | Consumer |
Tablet computer | 1.24 | 2010 – 2017 | [m] | |
USB controller | 1.2 | 1997 – 2011 | [22] | |
Desktop computer | 1.14 | 2010 – 2017 | [m] | |
Home video game console | 1.03 | 1976 – 2019 | [q] | |
CD player | 1 | 1982 – 2004 | [69] | |
Video cassette recorder (VCR) | 1 | 1976 – 2006 | [70] |
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