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Iesū (c. 4 BC), kapa inoa pū ʻo Iesū o Nazareta, Ka Haku Iesū ai ʻole Iesū Kristo (Iesū Kariso)[1], he kahuna pule a he alakaʻi Iukaio ʻo ia, mai ke kenekulia 1[2]. ʻO ia ka meʻe kikoʻī ma ka hoʻomana Kristiano,ka hoʻomana nui loa ma ka hōnua, a me ka puke Baibala Hemolele . Piliwi ka hapanui o nā kānaka Kristiano he keiki o Iesū na Ke Akua, a he Mesia pū ʻo ia (Kristo) i wānana aku ai ma ke Kauoha Kahiko.
ʻAe kokoke nā akeakamai a pau i kēia lā ua maoli ʻo Iesū.[3] Ua paʻakīkī nō lākou ke maopopo ʻo wai ka Iesū kahiko maoli mo ka mea ʻo nā ʻEuanelio nā moʻolelo wale no ke ola o Iesū Kristo.[4] He Iukaio Galilaia o Iesū, na Ioane ka Papekema ka mea i papekema iā ia a ua hoʻomaka kona ʻoihana kahuna pule.[5] Ua haʻiʻōlelo ʻo ia[6] a ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he "rabi"[7]. Ua paio o Iesū me nā Iukaio ʻē aʻe pehea e hāhai iā Ke Akua me ka pololei, he kahuna lapaʻau, ʻo ia ua aʻo ʻo ia me nā moʻolelo a ua hoʻohui i nā poʻe hāhai[8]. Ua hopuna a hoʻopā nā mana Iukaio iā ia, a ua hāʻawi ʻia iā ia i ke ʻaupuni Roma, a ua kaulia ʻo ia i ke keʻa ma lalo o ka leo mana o Ponetio Pilato, he alakaʻi Roma.[9] Ma hope o kāna hala ʻana ua piliwi kona mau poʻe hāhai ua ala ʻo ia mai ka make ʻana, a ua lilo nā poʻe hāhai i ka halepule mua o Iesū.[10]
Hoʻokumu pū nā Manaʻoʻiʻo kūpaʻa Kristiano ua hāpai ʻia o Iesū mai ka ʻUhane Hemolele, ua hānau ʻia mai ka puʻupaʻa o Maria, ua hana mana ʻo ia, ua hoʻokahua ʻo ia i ka ʻekalesia Kristiano, ua make ʻia mai ke kaulia ʻia ʻana i ke keʻa no he luakini e make no nā lawehala a nā poʻe, ua ala mai ka make, piʻi i ka lewa lani, a e hoʻi mai ana ʻo ia.[11] Piliwi ka hapanui o nā poʻe Kristiano, he kōkua o Iesū e hoʻokuʻikahi me Ke Akua.[12] Piliwi pū ka hapanui o nā poʻe Kristiano o Iesū Ke Akua manaloa, a ke keiki a ka makua, ka poʻe lua i loko o ke kahikolu. Aʻole piliwi ka hapa iki o nā poʻe Kristiano i ke kahikolu, a ʻōlelo ʻia aʻole ke kahikolu ma loko o ka Baibala Hemolele. Hoʻolauleʻa ka hānau o Iesū ma ka lā 25 o Kekemapa kapa ʻia ke "Kalikimaka". Ua hoʻohanohano ʻia kona kaulia ʻia ʻana i ke keʻa ma ka Pōʻalima Hemolele, a kona ala hou ana ma ka Lāpule o Pakoa. ʻO ka hānau o Iesū ke kahua o nā wā ʻalemanaka o "AD", mai ka Latina anna Domina ("makahiki o Ke Akua"), a me "CE".[13]
Hoʻomana pū o Iesū ma waho o ke Kristiano. Ma ka Hoʻomana Mohameka, ʻO Iesū (ʻunuhi ʻia ma ka leo ʻAlapia o Isa) kekahi o nā kāula a Ke Akua a ka Mesia pū. Piliwi nā poʻe Hoʻomana Mohameka ua hānau ʻia mai he puʻupaʻa, akā aʻole Ke Akua. ʻŌlelo ʻia ke Kuran aʻale i ʻōlelo ʻo Iesū he akua ʻo ia iho. Aʻole piliwi nā poʻe Muslim ua make ʻia ʻo Iesū, a aʻole i kaulia ʻo ia i ke keʻa, akā ua hāpai ʻia o Ke Akua iā ia i ka lewa lani. A aʻole piliwi nā poʻe Iukaio he mesia ʻo Iesū, a aʻole ʻo ia i hoʻokō i nā wānana a ka Mesia, a aʻole hōʻakua ʻo ia a aʻole ʻo ia i ala hou.[14]
Ua loaʻa ka Iukaio maʻamau i hoʻokahi inoa i ka wā o Iesū, i kekahi manawa ua hāhai ʻia ka ʻōlelo o "a [inoa makuakāne]" ai ʻole ke one hānau a ka poʻe.[15] Ma ke kauoha hou, ua kapa ʻia o Iesū e "Iesū o Nazareta" (Mareko 10:47). Ua kapa ʻia nā hoa noho o Iesū ma Nazareta iā ia o "ke kamanā, ke keiki o Maria a ke kaikuaʻana o Iakobo a Iose a Iuda a Simona" (Mareko 6:3), " ke keiki a ke kamanā" (Mateo 13:55), ai ʻole "ke keiki a o Iosepa" (Luka 4:22). Ma ka ʻEuanelio o Ioane, kapa ʻia o ka haumāna Filipo iā ia ʻo "Iesū keiki o Iosepa a no Nazareta" (Ioane 1:45)
Ua haku ka inoa Hawaiʻi o Iesū mai ka Pelekania Jesus, a mai ka Latina Iesus, he ʻunuhi o ka Helene Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs).[16] He ʻano wale ka inoa Helene o ka Hebero ישו (Yeshua), he ʻano o ka inoa kahikohiko יהושע (Yehoshua), ai ʻole ma ka ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi Iosua (Joshua), me ka manaʻo "Ola Yah" (Yah: Iehowa).[17] He inoa kēia pū no ka hoʻoilina a o Mose[18] a he kahu mananui ma ke Kauoha Kahiko.[19]
Ua kapa inoa nā poʻe ʻē aʻe me ka inoa o Yeshua ma Judea akahi a ka hānau ʻo Iesū. Nā hana a kekahi hoʻopaʻa kūʻauhau o ke kenekulia 1, Flavius Josephus, i kākau ʻia ai ma ka Helene Koine, ka ʻōlelo like i kākau ʻia ai ke Kauoha Hou, ua loaʻa ma ka liʻiliʻi 20 mau poʻe me ka inoa o Iesū (Ἰησοῦς).[20] ʻO ka molekumu no ka inoa o Iesū ma ke Kauoha Hou ʻo "He ola i Yahweh (Ke Akua)"[21]
Mai ka wā mikiʻala o ka hoʻomana Kristiano, ua kapa ʻia nā poʻe Kristiano iā Iesu me ka inoa o "Iesū Kristo".[22] ʻO "Iesū Kristo" ka inoa i ʻōlelo ʻia na ka ʻEuanelio o Ioane, ua hāʻawi ʻo Iesū iāiā iho i ka manawa a kona pule manaloa.[23] He kūlana ka huaʻōlelo o Kristo ("ke Kristo"), aʻole he inoa kapa. Mai ka Helene Χριστός (Christos), he ʻūnuhi a ka Hebero משיח (mashiakh) me ka manaʻo o "māhinu", a ʻūnuhi mau ai iā "Mesia".[24] Ma ka hoʻomana Iukaio Baibala, ua hoʻohana ai ka ʻaila kapu no ka hoʻoponi a nā kanaka a nā mea hemolele, he ʻāpana o ka hoʻopuka hoʻomanamana. (nānā iā ʻOihana Kahuna 8ː10-12 a me Pukaʻana 30ː29)
Ua kuhikuhi nā poʻe Kristiano ma ka manawa iā Iesū i "ke Kristo" no ka mea ua piliwi lākou he Mesia ʻo ia, na kona hiki mai ʻana i wānana ʻia ai ma ka Baibala Hebero a ke Kauoha Kahiko. Ma ka manawa ma hope o ka Baibala, ua lilo o Kristo i inoa, hōʻike ʻia me hoʻokahi inoa, kekahi ʻāpana o "Iesū Kristo". Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka inoa Kristiano (poʻe hāhai iā Kristo) mai ke kenekulia hoʻokahi[25].
Nā ʻŌlelo | Nā Inoa o Iesū |
---|---|
Hawaiʻi | Iesū Kristo (Kariso) |
Pelekania | Jesus Christ |
Helene | Ἰησοῦ (Iēsoûs) |
Hebero/ʻAramaika | ישו (Yeshua) |
Latina | Iesus |
ʻAlapia | عيسى (Isa) |
Haʻamoa | Iesu Keriso |
Māori | Ihu Karaiti |
He mau hāumana kā Iesu i ke kenekulia 1, kapa ʻia nā Lunaʻōlelo (heleneː ἀπόστολος, apóstolos) ai ʻole nā ʻaposetolo. He moʻolelo no ke kīʻoʻe o nā Lunaʻōlelo, i ka manawa ʻoihana kahuna pule a o Iesū, aia ka moʻolelo ma nā ʻeuanelio ʻekolu mua o ke Kauoha Houː Mateo 10ː1-4, Mareko 3ː13-19, Luka 6ː12-16.
"Eia kekahi, ia mau lā nō, hele akula ia i ka mauna e pule; hoʻomau ihola ʻo ia i ka pule i ke Akua ia pō a ao.
A ao aʻela, hea maila ia i kāna poʻe haumāna; a wae ihola ʻo ia he ʻumikumamālua o lākou; a kapa ihola ʻo ia iā lākou, he poʻe lunaʻōlelo:
ʻo Simona ka mea āna i kapa hou ai ʻo Petero, a ʻo ʻAnederea kona kaikaina; a ʻo Iakobo a me Ioane; ʻo Pilipo a me Baretolomaio;
ʻo Mataio a me Toma; ʻo Iakobo na ʻAlapaio, a me Simona i kapa ʻia ʻo Zelote;
ʻo Iuda ko Iakobo a me Iuda ʻIsekariota, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea kumakaia."
Luka 6ː12-16, Ka Baibala Hemolele
ʻEuanelio o Mateo | ʻEuanelio o Ioane | Inoa Helene/ ʻAramaika | Inoa Pelekania |
---|---|---|---|
Simona (kapa ʻia ʻo Petero) | Simona Petero | Shimon Cephas | Simon (Peter) |
ʻAnederea/ʻAnalū (kō Petero kaikaina) | ʻAnederea (ʻAnalū) | Adam/Andropos | Andrew |
Iakobo | Kekahi o nā keikikāne a Zebedee | Yacov | James |
Ioane | Kekahi o nā keikikāne a o Zebedee/
Ka Lunaʻōlelo punahele o Iesū |
Yehochanan | John |
Filipo | Filipo | Philippos | Philip |
Baretolomaio | Natanaʻela | Ben Tholomyahu | Bartholomew |
Toma | Toma | Didmyus | Thomas |
Mateo/Levi | Aʻohe inoa | Mattanyahu Levi | Matthew/Levi |
Iakobo na ʻAlapaio | Aʻohe inoa | Yacov | James son of Alphaeus |
Tadaio/Iuda Zelota | Iuda | Yehuda (Judah) | Thaddaeus/Judas of Zealot |
Simona (ke Kanaʻana) | Aʻohe inoa | Shimon | Simon |
Iuda ʻIsekariota (mea kumakaia) | Iuda na Simona ʻIsekariota | Yehuda (Judah) | Judas Iscariot |
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