Zamanin Tagulla
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Zamanin Tagulla wani lokaci ne na tarihi, wanda ya dawwama tun daga kusan shekaru 3300 BC zuwa 1200 BC, lokaci ne da tagulla ya kasance tattalin arziki mafi muhimmanci, kasancewar rubuce-rubuce a wasu yankuna, da sauran abubuwan farko na wayewar birane. Zamanin Bronze shine na biyu daga cikin muhimman lokuta na tsarin shekaru uku wanda Christian Jürgensen Thomsen ya gabatar a shekarar 1836 don rarrabawa da nazarin tsoffin al'ummomi da tarihi.
Bronze Age | |
---|---|
archaeological age (en) | |
Bayanai | |
Ƙaramin ɓangare na | Prehistory |
Bangare na | Holocene (en) |
Suna saboda | Holoko |
Mabiyi | Stone Age da Chalcolithic (en) |
Ta biyo baya | Iron Age (en) |
Start time (en) | 3300 "BCE", 3200 "BCE" da 3100 "BCE" |
End time (en) | 1200 "BCE", 300 "BCE" da 600 "BCE" |
An yi la'akari da zamunan wayayyun al'umma na baya a matsayin wani ɓangare na Zamanin Tagulla saboda suna amfani da tagulla ta hanyar narkar da ita da jan karfe sannan su haɗa ta da tin, arsenic, ko wasu karafa, ko kuma suyi amfani da ita wajen saye da sayarwa a wasu wuraren. Tagulla ya fi sauran karafa da ke akwai a wancan lokacin, wanda hakan ba da damar wayewar kai ta hanyar amfani da Tagulla wajen sarrafa abuwan cigaba iri iri da kuma samun fa'idar fasaha.
A yayin da aininhin ƙarfe ya yawaita, mafi girman zafin wuta da ake buƙata wajen narkashi shine 1,250 °C (2,280 °F), ban da wahalar aiki da shi, hakan ya sanya an rage amfanin dashi wajen mafi akasarin ayyuka har zuwa ƙarshen karni na biyu kafin zuwa Yesu. Karancin zafin wuta da ake bukata wajen narka gwangwani wato 231.93 °C (449.47 °F) da kuma matsakaicin zafin wuta na narka jan karfe wato 1,085 °C (1,985 °F) ya sanya sun zamo muhimman kayan sarrafa tukwane na zamanin Neolithic, wanda ya soma daga 6,000 BC kuma sun sami damar samar da wuta mai zafin sama da 900 °C (1,650 °F) . Ba'a cika samun jan karfe da gwangwani ba, tun da babu tagulla a Yammacin Asiya kafin a fara cinikin tagulla a karni na 3 BC . A duk duniya, Zamanin Tagulla sun kasance daga cikin lokutan baya na Neolithic, tare da Zamanin Duwatsu da Jan Karfe a bayansu.
Al'adun zamanin Tagulla sun bambanta wajen haɓaka a rubuce . Bisa ga shaidar archaeological, al'adu a Mesopotamiya ( rubutun cuneiform ) da Masar ( hieroglyphs ) sun haɓaka tsarin rubutu na farko.