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Tsohuwar Havana (Mutanen Espanya: La Habana Vieja) ita ce tsakiyar gari (a cikin gari) kuma ɗayan gundumomi 15 (ko gundumomi) waɗanda suka kafa Havana, Cuba. Tana da mafi girman yawan jama'a na biyu a cikin birni kuma ya ƙunshi ainihin ainihin birnin Havana. Matsayin asalin ganuwar birnin Havana shine iyakokin zamani na Tsohuwar Havana.
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La Habana Vieja (es) | |||||
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Wuri | |||||
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Island country (en) ![]() | Cuba | ||||
Province of Cuba (en) ![]() | Havana Province (en) ![]() | ||||
Yawan mutane | |||||
Faɗi | 95,383 | ||||
• Yawan mutane | 22,079.4 mazaunan/km² | ||||
Labarin ƙasa | |||||
Bangare na |
Old Havana and its Fortification System (en) ![]() | ||||
Yawan fili | 4.32 km² | ||||
Wuri a ina ko kusa da wace teku |
Florida Strait (en) ![]() | ||||
Altitude (en) ![]() | 11 m | ||||
Bayanan Tuntuɓa | |||||
Lambar aika saƙo | 10100 | ||||
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci |
Eastern Time Zone (en) ![]() | ||||
Tsarin lamba ta kiran tarho | 78 |
A cikin 1982, an rubuta Tsohuwar Havana a cikin jerin abubuwan tarihi na UNESCO, saboda na musamman na Baroque da gine-gine na zamani, da kagara, da mahimmancin tarihi a matsayin tsayawa kan hanyar zuwa Sabuwar Duniya.[1] An kaddamar da kamfen na kariya bayan shekara guda don maido da ingancin gine-ginen.
Mutanen Espanya ne suka kafa Havana a ranar 16 ga Nuwamba, 1519 a cikin tashar jiragen ruwa na Bay na Havana. Ya zama wurin tsayawa ga taskar da aka ɗora wa galleons na Sipaniya akan hayewa tsakanin Sabuwar Duniya da Tsohuwar Duniya. A cikin karni na 17, ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin gine-gine. An gina birnin a cikin salon baroque da na zamani. Gine-gine da yawa sun ruguje a ƙarshen rabin karni na 20, amma ana maido da adadinsu. Ƙananan tituna na Old Havana sun ƙunshi gine-gine da yawa, wanda ya kai kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na kusan gine-gine 3,000 da aka samu a Old Havana. Shi ne tsohon birni da aka kafa daga tashar jiragen ruwa, cibiyar hukuma da Plaza de Armas.
A cikin 1555, Jacques de Sores na Faransa ya lalata Tsohuwar Havana. ‘Yan fashin sun kwace birnin Havana cikin sauki, inda suka yi galaba a kan ‘yan tsirarun masu tsaron gida, suka washe garin, suka kona da yawa daga cikinsa, amma ya bar wajen ba tare da samun dimbin dukiyar da ya ke fatan samu a can ba. Bayan faruwar lamarin, Mutanen Espanya sun kawo sojoji cikin birnin kuma suka gina kagara da katanga don kare shi. Ginin Castillo de la Real Fuerza, kagara na farko da aka gina, an fara shi a shekara ta 1558, kuma injiniya Bartolomé Sanchez ne ya kula da shi.
Tsohuwar Havana yayi kama da Cadiz da Tenerife. Alejo Carpentier ya kira shi "de las columnas" (na ginshiƙai), amma kuma ana iya kiran shi don ƙofofin ƙofofin, revoco, lalacewa da ceto, kusanci, inuwa, sanyi, tsakar gida ... A cikin ta. akwai duk manyan tsoffin abubuwan tarihi na tarihi, garu, gidajen zuhudu da majami'u, fadoji, lungu-lungu, wuraren ajiye motoci, yawan mutane. Jihar Cuban ta yi yunƙuri mai yawa don adanawa da kuma dawo da tsohuwar Havana ta hanyar ƙoƙarin Ofishin Masanin Tarihi na Birni, wanda Eusebio Leal ya jagoranta. Ƙoƙarin sake ginawa ya yi nasarar rikitar da Tsohuwar Havana zuwa wurin yawon buɗe ido, kuma ya sa aka gane Leal a matsayin magajin garin Tsohuwar Havana.[2][3]
A cikin 2008, Hurricane Ike ya lalata gine-gine da yawa a cikin Tsohuwar Havana, tare da kifar da ayyukan kiyayewa na shekaru da aka yi wa manyan gine-ginen yankin. Ba wai kawai ya lalata gine-ginen tarihi ba, amma ya tilasta wa yawancin mazauna Tsohuwar Havana gudu don tsira.[5] Barazanar da guguwa ke haifarwa na kara wa wasu gine-ginen tarihi da dama na Tsohuwar Havana rashin kwanciyar hankali. Shekaru, lalacewa, da sakaci sun haɗu tare da abubuwan halitta a cikin rikitacciyar ƙaƙƙarfan ɓarna ga kiyaye dogon lokaci na wannan tsohon garin mai tarihi.[6]
Tsohuwar Havana ta kasance tagwaye da garuruwa masu zuwa:
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