From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mataimakin firaministan Faransa matsayi ne da ya kasance a wasu lokuta a cikin gwamnatin Faransa tsakanin 1871 zuwa 1958. An ba shi lakabin mataimakin shugaban majalisar ministocin (Faransanci: mataimakin shugaban kasa du Conseil des ministres), ko kuma mataimakin shugaban majalisar ministocin Faransa. Majalisa a takaice.
Mataimakin Firayim Minista na Faransa | |
---|---|
position (en) | |
Bayanai | |
Ƙaramin ɓangare na | mataimakin firaminista |
Bangare na | Council of Ministers (en) |
Ƙasa | Faransa |
Applies to jurisdiction (en) | Faransa |
Dissolved, abolished or demolished date (en) | 1958 |
Yana da kansa sinecure, wanda aka yi amfani da shi don ba da matsayi nan da nan bayan Firayim Minista ga wani muhimmin memba na gwamnati, daga baya har zuwa uku a lokaci guda, amma ba tare da takamaiman aiki ko iko ba, ko kowane rawar da aka zaba a matsayin mukaddashin Firayim Minista. Koyaya, a cikin 1871-1876 da 1940-1942, an yi amfani da shi a zahiri ga Firayim Minista na zahiri, kamar yadda shugaban ƙasa ya riƙe matsayin.
Matsayin mataimakin Firayim Minista ya wanzu ne kawai a wasu lokuta a lokacin Jamhuriyar Na Uku (1870-1940, farawa ne kawai a cikin 1910s), Gwamnatin wucin gadi ta Jamhuriyar Faransa (1944-1946), da Jamhuriyar ta huɗu (1946-1958).
Amma ga duk sauran mambobin gwamnati, nadin, ko cirewa, a hukumance ne daga shugaban kasa, amma ya yi biyayya ga shawarar Firayim Minista.
Kodayake yana nuna matsayi mataimakin shugaban gwamnati, matsayin da kansa sinecure ne, wanda ya kawo matsayi bayan Firayim Minista (shugaban majalisar), amma ya zo ba tare da wani takamaiman aiki ko iko ba sai dai idan an shirya shi ta hanyar yanke shawara daban-daban, ko kuma wani rawar da aka zaba a matsayin mukaddashin Firayim Minista. Mai riƙewa wani lokaci yana aiki a matsayin Minista na takamaiman sashen gwamnati, kamar yadda Firayim Minista ya yi a ƙarshen Jamhuriyar ta Uku, amma in ba haka ba ya kasance babban Minista ba tare da fayil ba, tare da alhakin al'ada. Duk da haka an ba da alhakin kai tsaye ga mataimakin shugaban kasa a lokuta biyu, a cikin 1938-1940 lokacin da aka sanya Camille Chautemps a matsayin mai kula da daidaitawa na Ofishin Firayim Minista da aka kafa kwanan nan, [1] kuma a cikin 1951 lokacin da Guy Mollet ke kula da Majalisar Turai. Da farko akwai mai riƙewa ɗaya kawai a lokaci guda, yayin da matsayin Ministan jihar, wanda ya fi na ministoci na yau da kullun, ana iya ba da shi ga mambobi da yawa, tare da ko ba tare da fayil ba; duk da haka akwai har zuwa mataimakan shugaban kasa uku a cikin gwamnatoci na gaba.
Dangane da halin da ake ciki na siyasa, zai iya nuna matsayin mai riƙe, musamman idan ya kasance tsohon Firayim Minista, ko kuma matsayinsa na jagora ko wakilin wata muhimmiyar jam'iyya ta hadin gwiwar gwamnati, musamman ga ƙananan jam'iyyun biyu na tripartisme a 1946-1947. An riga an yi amfani da mukamai na ministocin jihar don wannan dalili tun daga karni na 19; mataimakan firaministan sun kasance sama da waɗannan lokacin da dukansu biyu suka wanzu a lokaci guda, suna ba da damar Firayim Minista ya tsara tsari mai mahimmanci na matsayi.[1]
Mai riƙewa na farko shi ne Aristide Briand a shekara ta 1914, wanda René Viviani ya zaba a farkon yakin duniya na; yayin da gwamnati ta sauya daga Paris zuwa Bordeaux, wannan ya ba shi damar zama mataimakin Vivani, ko kuma ministocin kasashen waje da yaƙi, lokacin da suka zo suka tafi tsakanin biranen biyu. Viviani kuma ita ce Firayim Minista na farko da ba ta riƙe takamaiman fayil don mayar da hankali kan daidaitawar kayan aikin jihar da ke fadadawa.[2] Na karshe shi ne Guy Mollet a shekarar 1958.
Har ila yau, akwai matsayi iri ɗaya a cikin Gwamnatin wucin gadi, Gwamnatin Tsaro ta Kasa (1870-1871), wacce ke da mataimakin shugaban kasa (Mataimakin shugaban Gwamnatin Tsaron Kasa).
A cikin gajeren lokaci guda biyu, an yi amfani da taken ga shugaban gwamnati da kansa, saboda shugaban kasa ya rike mukamin Firayim Minista.
A farkon mulkin Vichy (1940-1944), Philippe Pétain, Firayim Minista na karshe na Jamhuriyar Na Uku wanda ya ayyana kansa shugaban kasar Faransa, ya sanya Pierre Laval babban minista lokacin da ya sake nada shi a matsayin mataimakinsa. [ƙananan alpha 4]Pétain ya sallami kuma ya maye gurbin Laval bayan 'yan watanni, amma daga bisani Hukumomin mamayewa na Jamus suka tilasta masa tunatar da shi tare da karuwar hakkoki a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1942, inda ya ba shi taken chef du gouvernement (shugaban gwamnati), duk da cewa shi da kansa ya ci gaba da taken shugaban majalisar.[3]
Holder and concurrent position | Government | Term of office | Party | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
colspan="7" Samfuri:CellCategory | ||||||
colspan="7" Samfuri:CellCategory | ||||||
Jules Favre Minister of Foreign Affairs |
National Defence |
4 September 1870 | 13 February 1871 | Moderate Republicans | ||
colspan="7" Samfuri:CellCategory | ||||||
Samfuri:Main listing | ||||||
colspan="7" Samfuri:CellCategory | ||||||
Aristide Briand[lower-greek 1][lower-greek 2][lower-greek 3] Minister of Justice |
2nd Viviani | 26 August 1914 | 29 October 1915 | PRS | ||
René Viviani[lower-greek 1][lower-greek 4] Minister of Justice |
5th Briand | 29 October 1915 | 12 December 1916 | PRS | ||
colspan="7" Samfuri:Vacant | ||||||
Joseph Caillaux[lower-greek 2] Minister of Finance |
10th Briand | 23 June 1926 | 23 July 1926 | Radical | ||
colspan="7" Samfuri:Vacant | ||||||
Lucien Hubert[lower-greek 1] Minister of Justice |
1st Tardieu | 3 November 1929 | 24 February 1930 | Radical | ||
colspan="7" Samfuri:Vacant | ||||||
Paul Reynaud (1st) Minister of Justice and for the Control of Public Administrations |
3rd Tardieu | 20 February 1932 | 3 June 1932 | AD | ||
colspan="7" Samfuri:Vacant | ||||||
Albert Dalimier Minister of Justice |
1st Sarraut | 26 October 1933 | 24 November 1933 | Radical | ||
colspan="7" Samfuri:Vacant | ||||||
Édouard Daladier (1st)[lower-greek 2] Minister of National Defence and War |
1st Blum | 4 June 1936 | 21 June 1937 | Radical[lower-greek 5] | ||
Léon Blum (1st)[lower-greek 4] |
3rd Chautemps | 23 June 1937 | 14 January 1938 | SFIO | ||
Édouard Daladier (2nd–3rd)[lower-greek 2][lower-greek 3] Minister of National Defence and War |
4th Chautemps, 2nd Blum | 18 January 1938 | 8 April 1938 | Radical[lower-greek 5] | ||
Camille Chautemps (1st)[lower-greek 2] In charge of coordination of the Office of the Prime Minister |
3rd Daladier | 10 April 1938 | 20 March 1940 | Radical | ||
Camille Chautemps (2nd)[lower-greek 2] Minister of Coordination (of the Office of the Prime Minister) |
Reynaud | 21 March 1940 | 16 June 1940 | Radical | ||
Philippe Pétain[lower-greek 3] Minister of State |
18 May 1940 (joined) |
Independent | ||||
Camille Chautemps (3rd)[lower-greek 2] Minister of State |
Pétain | 16 June 1940 | 11 July 1940 | Radical | ||
Pierre Laval (1st) Minister of State |
23 June 1940 (joined) |
Independent | ||||
colspan="7" Samfuri:CellCategory | ||||||
Samfuri:Main listing | ||||||
colspan="7" Samfuri:CellCategory | ||||||
Francisque Gay |
Gouin | 26 January 1946 | 12 June 1946 | MRP | ||
Maurice Thorez (1st) |
PCF[lower-greek 5] | |||||
Félix Gouin[lower-greek 4] | 1st Bidault | 24 June 1946 | 28 November 1946 | SFIO | ||
Maurice Thorez (2nd) |
PCF[lower-greek 5] | |||||
colspan="7" Samfuri:CellCategory | ||||||
Pierre-Henri Teitgen (1st) Minister of State (from 4 May: in charge of the Civil Service and Administrative Reform) |
1st Ramadier | 22 January 1947 | 21 October 1947 | MRP | ||
Maurice Thorez (3rd) Minister of State |
4 May 1947 (dismissed) |
PCF[lower-greek 5] | ||||
colspan="7" Samfuri:Vacant | ||||||
Pierre-Henri Teitgen (2nd) | Marie | 26 July 1948 | 28 August 1948 | MRP | ||
Léon Blum (2nd)[lower-greek 2] | SFIO | |||||
André Marie (1st)[lower-greek 4] | 2nd Schuman | 5 September 1948 | 11 September 1948 | Radical | ||
André Marie (2nd)[lower-greek 2] Minister of Justice |
1st Queuille | 11 September 1948 | 13 February 1949 (resigned) |
Radical | ||
Robert Lecourt Minister of Justice |
13 February 1949 (joined) |
5 October 1949 | MRP | |||
Henri Queuille (1st)[lower-greek 4] | 2nd Bidault | 28 October 1949 | 7 February 1950 | Radical | ||
Jules Moch Minister of the Interior |
SFIO | |||||
Henri Queuille (2nd)[lower-greek 2][lower-greek 3] Minister of the Interior |
3rd Bidault | 7 February 1950 | 24 June 1950 | Radical | ||
Georges Bidault (1st)[lower-greek 4] | 2nd Queuille | 2 July 1950 | 4 July 1950 | MRP[lower-greek 5] | ||
colspan="7" Samfuri:Vacant | ||||||
Georges Bidault (2nd)[lower-greek 2] | 3rd Queuille | 10 March 1951 | 10 July 1951 | MRP[lower-greek 5] | ||
René Pleven[lower-greek 4][lower-greek 3] | UDSR[lower-greek 5] | |||||
Guy Mollet (1st) In charge of the Council of Europe. |
SFIO[lower-greek 5] | |||||
Georges Bidault (3rd)[lower-greek 2] Minister of National Defence |
2nd Pleven | 11 August 1951 | 7 January 1952 | MRP | ||
René Mayer (2nd) Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs |
Radical | |||||
Georges Bidault (4th)[lower-greek 2] Minister of National Defence |
1st Faure | 20 January 1952 | 28 February 1952 | MRP | ||
Henri Queuille (3rd)[lower-greek 2] Minister of State |
Radical | |||||
colspan="7" Samfuri:Vacant | ||||||
Henri Queuille (4th)[lower-greek 2] | Mayer | 8 January 1953 | 21 May 1953 | Radical | ||
Paul Reynaud (2nd)[lower-greek 2] | Laniel | 28 June 1953 | 12 June 1954 | CNIP | ||
Henri Queuille (5th)[lower-greek 2] | Radical | |||||
Pierre-Henri Teitgen (3rd) | MRP[lower-greek 5] | |||||
colspan="7" Samfuri:Vacant | ||||||
Guy Mollet (2nd)[lower-greek 2] | Pflimlin | 15 May 1958 (joined) |
28 May 1958 | SFIO[lower-greek 5] | ||
|
Taron Majalisar Ministoci koyaushe shugaban kasa ne (sarkin sarakuna, sarki, shugaban kasa); lokacin da matsayin shugaban gwamnati ya fito a ƙarshen 1810s a ƙarƙashin Maidowa, an yi amfani da taken "shugaban" na wannan kungiya, saboda ya haɗa da alhakin shirya ajanda da kasuwancin da za a magance su.[8] Wannan duk da haka ya kasance ne kawai ta hanyar yarjejeniya, kuma matsayin ko taron shugaban gwamnati ba shi da wanzuwar doka har zuwa shekarun 1870; wasu ministoci an dauke su na biyu a cikin umurni, amma ba a kira su mataimakin shugaban kasa ba.
A lokacin Daular Na Biyu (1852-1870), Napoleon III ya soke matsayin Firayim Minista, wanda ya jagoranci harkokin gwamnati da kansa, amma ministan jihar, wanda ya kasance na farko kuma yana kusa da Sarkin sarakuna, ya zama ana ganinsa a matsayin primus inter pares, musamman lokacin da yake magana da sunan Sarkin sarakunan a cikin muhimman harkokin majalisa.
Kodayake matsayin Firayim Minista ya zo cikin wanzuwar doka lokacin da ya sake fitowa a cikin shekarun 1870, ofishin bai bayyana a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin Faransa ba kafin 1946; na mataimakin bai taɓa bayyana ba.[9]
Matsayin vice-Premier ministre (watakila mataimakin firayim Minista) ba a taɓa ba da shi ba a ƙarƙashin Jamhuriyar Biyar (1958-yanzu). Kundin Tsarin Mulki kawai ya tanadi cewa Firayim Minista "yana iya ba da wasu daga cikin ikonsa ga ministoci" (mataki na 21). Nicolas Hulot, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ministan muhalli da sauyawa tare da matsayin ministan jihar a shekarar farko ta shugabancin Emmanuel Macron, ya daɗe yana kira ga matsayin mataimakin firaminista mai kula da muhalli, kuma ya ce Macron ya yi la'akari da ɗaukaka shi, amma ya yanke shawarar cewa zai zama "ba tsarin mulki ba". [ƙananan alpha 5]
Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.
Every time you click a link to Wikipedia, Wiktionary or Wikiquote in your browser's search results, it will show the modern Wikiwand interface.
Wikiwand extension is a five stars, simple, with minimum permission required to keep your browsing private, safe and transparent.