Homer
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Homer ( / ˈ h oʊ mər / ; Ancient Greek [hómɛːros], Hómēros ) (an haife shi c. 8th century BC) mawaƙin Girkanci ne wanda aka lasafta shi a matsayin marubucin Iliad da Odyssey, waƙoƙin almara guda biyu waɗanda tushen tushen adabin Helenanci ne. Ana ɗaukar Homer ɗaya daga cikin manyan marubutan da ake girmamawa kuma masu tasiri a tarihi.
Homer | |
---|---|
Rayuwa | |
Cikakken suna | Ὅμηρος |
Haihuwa | unknown value, 9 century "BCE" |
ƙasa | Ionian League (en) |
Ƙabila | Greeks (en) |
Harshen uwa | Ancient Greek (en) |
Mutuwa | Ios, 8 century "BCE" |
Karatu | |
Harsuna | Ancient Greek (en) |
Sana'a | |
Sana'a | maiwaƙe, author (en) da marubuci |
Muhimman ayyuka |
Iliad (en) Odyssey (en) Homeric epics (en) |
Artistic movement | Waƙar almara |
IMDb | nm0392955 |
Homer's Iliad yana ci gaba da yin rikici tsakanin Sarki Agamemnon da jarumi Achilles a cikin shekarar karshe na Yaƙin Trojan. Odyssey ya ba da labarin tafiyar shekaru goma na Odysseus, Sarkin Ithaca, ya koma gidansa bayan faduwar Troy. Wa}o}in suna cikin harshen Hausa na Homeric, wanda kuma aka fi sani da Epic Greek, harshen adabi wanda ke nuna cakuduwar fasalin yarukan Ionic da Aeolic daga ƙarni daban-daban; Babban tasiri shine Gabashin Ionic. Yawancin masu bincike sun yi imanin cewa asalin waƙar an watsa ta da baki.
Waƙoƙin Homer na almara sun shafi al'amuran tsofin al'adu da ilimi na Girka, suna haɓaka manufofin jarumtaka, ɗaukaka, da daraja. Ga Plato, Homer shine kawai wanda "ya koyar da Girka" ( τὴν Ἑλλάδα πεπαίδευκεν, tēn Helláda pepaídeuken ). [1] A cikin Dante Alighieri 's Divine Comedy, Virgil yana nufin Homer a matsayin "Mawaƙin Mawaƙi", Sarkin dukan mawaƙa; [2] a cikin gabatarwar fassararsa na Iliad, Alexander Paparoma ya yarda cewa Homer an yi la'akari da shi a matsayin "mafi girma na mawaƙa". [3] Tun daga zamanin da har zuwa yau, almara na Homeric sun ƙarfafa shahararrun ayyukan adabi, kiɗa, fasaha, da fina-finai.
Tambayar ta wanene, yaushe, a ina kuma a cikin wane yanayi aka hada Iliad da Odyssey ana ci gaba da muhawara. An yarda da cewa mawallafa daban-daban ne suka rubuta ayyukan biyu.[4] Ana tunanin cewa an yi wakokin a wani lokaci a kusa da ƙarshen takwas ko farkon karni na bakwai BC. Yawancin labaran rayuwar Homer sun yadu a zamanin da; labarin da ya fi yaduwa shi ne cewa shi makaho ne daga Ionia , wani yanki na tsakiyar gabar tekun Anatoliya a Turkiyya a yau. Masanan zamani sun ɗauki waɗannan labaran almara.[5]