Harshen Swahili

Swahili, Anfi saninsa da Kiswahili wanda ke nufin (Harshen Mutanen Swahili), tana daga cikin Harshen Bantu kuma itace harshen farko na Mutanen Swahili. Itace harshen magana wato lingua franca a yankin African Great Lakes da wasu yankunan gabashi da kudu maso gabashin Afirka, dasuka hada da Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Mozambique, da the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).^[2] harshen Comorian, da ake amfani dashi a Comoros Islands shima wani nau'in harshen Swahilin ne, dukda wasu na ganinsa a matsayin wani harshe ne daban.^[3]

Harshen Swahili
Kiswahili — كِسْوَحِيلِ
'Yan asalin magana	15,437,390 (2012)
Dangin harshen	Harsunan Nijar-Congo Harsunan Atlantic-Congo Harsunan Volta-Congo Harsunan Benue-Congo Harsunan Bantoid Southern Bantoid (en) Bantu (en) East Bantu (en) Northeast Bantu (en) Harshen arewacin Coast Bantu Sabaki (en) Harshen Swahili
Baƙaƙen rubutu	Baƙaƙen boko da Swahili Ajami (en)
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-1	sw
ISO 639-2	swa
ISO 639-3	swa
Glottolog	swah1254[1]

Swahili

wasu takardu na tarihin swahilli

wata kofa mai kyau a swahili

Tambarin swahili

Ba a san ainihin adadin masu jin Swahili ba, walau na asali ne ko kuma na yare na biyu, kuma batu ne na muhawara. An gabatar da ƙididdiga daban-daban kuma sun bambanta sosai, daga miliyan 50 zuwa sama da miliyan 100. Swahili yana aiki azaman yaren ƙasa na ƙasashe huɗu: Tanzaniya, Kenya, Uganda, da JDK. Shikomor, harshen hukuma a Komoro kuma ana magana da shi a cikin Mayotte (Shimaore), yana da alaƙa da Swahili. Har ila yau Swahili ɗaya ne daga cikin harsunan aiki na Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Afirka kuma an amince da ita a matsayin harshen yare na Ƙungiyar Gabashin Afirka. Kasar Afirka Kudu ta yarda da koyar da Swahili a cikin kasar a cikin batutuwan ganin dama, za a fara a 2020.

Yawancin kalmomin Swahili ansame sune daga harshen Larabci,^[4] misali Kalmar littafi a Swahili shine "kitabu", yayi daidai da Kalmar a larabci "كتاب". Dukda cewar jam'in kalmar littafi a Swahili shine "vitabu", haka daga tsarin harshen Bantu na "ki-" a matsayin Kalmar shigarwa kafi suna, wanda jam'insa shine "vi-".^[5]

Manazarta

1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harshen Swahili". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
2. Prins 1961
3. Nurse and Hinnebusch, 1993, p.18
4. The Routledge Concise Compendium of the World's Languages (2nd ed.), George L. Campbell and Gareth King. Routledge (2011), p. 678. 08033994793.ABA
5. See pp. 11 and 52 in Ghil'ad Zuckermann (2003). Language Contact and Lexical Enrichment in Israeli Hebrew, Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, (Palgrave Studies in Language History and Language Change, Series editor: Charles Jones). 08033994793.ABA.